心血管科护士自我怜悯对情绪劳动策略与工作倦怠间关系的调节作用研究

Study of self-compassion's regulating effect on emotional labor strategy and burnout among cardiovascular nurses

目的考察在心血管科护士中不同的情绪性劳动策略与工作倦怠之间的关系,探讨自我怜悯在两种情绪劳动策略与工作倦怠之间的调节作用。方法从2016年10月—2017年1月采用发放纸质版问卷的形式,对广州市某医院心血管系统154名护士进行调查,问卷内容包括基本人口学信息、情绪劳动策略量表、工作倦怠量表及自我怜悯表,最后经负责人录入数据、统计学分析。结果 (1)工作倦怠与情绪劳动策略中的表面行为呈显著正相关(r=0.404,P<0.001),与深度行为(r=-0.345,P<0.001)、自我怜悯(r=-0.356,P<0.001)都呈显著负相关;(2)深度行为与自我怜悯存在显著正相关(r=0.340,P<0.001),表面行为与自我怜悯没有显著相关,但方向为负相关(r=-0.083)。(3)自我怜悯在表面行为与工作倦怠之间存在调节作用,在深度行为与工作倦怠之间存中介作用。自我怜悯对深度行为与工作倦怠的关系没有调节作用。结论高自我怜悯的护士会更倾向于选择深度行为,从而拥有更低的工作倦怠水平。而采用表面行为的护士,高自我怜悯水平则会使其的工作倦怠程度降低。且高自我怜悯本身便能显著缓解工作倦怠。所以引导护士采用情绪劳动策略中的深度行为调节情绪,并提高其自我怜悯的水平,是降低护士工作倦怠水平的有效途径。

Objective To investigate the relationship between different emotional labor strategies and burnout in cardiovascular nurses and to explore the regulating effect of self-compassion on two kinds of emotional labor strategies and burn- out. Methods From October, 2016 to January, 2017,154 nurses in Guangzhou were invited to complete the questionnaires in paper. It includes basic demographic information, emotional labor strategy scale, Chinese Maxlach Burnout Inventory and self-compassion scale. Finally, the data were entered and analyzed by statistics. Results （1）Surface acting in emotional labor strategy has a significant positive influence on burnout（ r = 0. 404, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Meanwhile, deep act- ing（r = - 0.345, P 〈 0. 001 ） and self-compassion（ r = - 0. 356, P 〈 0. 001 ） are negatively correlated with burnout. （2） There is a significant positive correlation between deep acting and self-compassion（ r = 0. 340, P 〈 0. 001 ）. There is no significant correlation between surface acting and self-compassion, but the direction is negatively correlated （r = - 0. 083 ）. （3）Self-compassion is found to play a regulating role on surface acting and burnout, as well as an intervention role on deep acting and burnout. Self-compassion has no moderating effect on the relationship between deep acting and burnout. Conclusion Nurses with high self-compassion prefer deep acting, followed with lower burnout. For whom choosing surface acting, highly self-compassion can reduce their burnout. Besides, high self-compassion can significantly alleviate burnout. Thus, an effective way to reduce the level of nurses＇ burnout is by guiding nurses to use deep acting to regulate emotions and improve their self-compassion level.