城市水文过程与洪涝响应研究进展

Research progress of urban hydrological processes and flood response

揭示区域水循环演变规律是认识区域水文情势和开展水文情报预报的重要基础,是水文学的核心研究课题。高度城市化地区,原有自然水循环过程被破坏,因此亟待开展城市地区水文过程与洪涝响应的研究。从气候变化的城市水文响应、城市水文过程复杂特性定量表征、城市水文过程模拟等三方面对国内外研究现状及发展动态进行了综述。在借鉴国内外研究成果和先进经验的基础上,提出了北京市开展洪涝模拟研究的必要性。结合精细化洪涝模型在北京市应用的成功案例,从城市流域模型构建、验证及应用等三方面进行城市水文模拟和洪涝响应研究,并提出未来的研究重点和难题。

Revealing the evolution rule of the regional water cycle is an important foundation for recognizing the regional hydrological situation and carrying out forecasting of hydrological information, and is the core research topic of hydrology. In highly urbanized areas, the original natural water cycle processes have been changed. Therefore, it is necessary to support the research of urban hydrological processes and flood response. Based on domestic and foreign research achievements and advanced experience, the necessity of carrying out flood simulation research in Beijing was proposed. Combined success case of refined flood model application in Beijing, the following three aspects were reviewed in terms of the research of urban hydrological simulation and flood response, urban watershed model construction, verification and application. And future research priorities and challenges were also proposed.