苦参素对大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注后血液流变学指标的影响

Effects of Oxymatrine on Hemorheology after Acute Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion in Rats

目的观察苦参素对大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注损伤后血液流变学指标的影响并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法通过线栓法复制局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠模型;设假手术组,模型组,苦参素低[25 mg/(kg·d)]、中[50 mg/(kg·d)]、高[100 mg/(kg·d)]剂量组和银杏叶提取物组[50 mg/(kg·d)],每组28只,术后第2日开始腹腔注射给药,疗程7 d。通过盲法神经功能评分评测神经功能损伤,测定脑组织含水量及脑组织梗死体积;通过苏木精-尹红(HE)染色观察海马CA1区神经元形态;生化分析脑组织抗氧化酶活性[(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)]和丙二醛(MDA)含量;测定血液流变学指标。结果与模型组比较,苦参素中、高剂量组和银杏叶提取物组神经功能评分显著降低(P<0.01)、神经功能状况明显改善,脑组织含水量显著降低,梗死体积显著减小(P<0.05或P<0.01);海马CA1区神经元病理性形态结构改变明显改善,抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT)活性显著升高且MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);血液流变学指标(全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞变性指数、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞压积、血沉)显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论苦参素可能通过改善血液流变学指标对脑缺血再灌注损伤起到一定的保护作用。

Objective： To study the effect of oxymatrine（OMT） on hemorheology after acute cerebral ischemiareperfusion in rats and to explore its mechanism. Methods： The models of focal cerebral ischemic reperfusion were established with Zea-Longa occluding suture,setting the sham operating group,the model group and OMT low,medium,high-dose（25,50,100 mg/kg） groups and extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves（EGB） 50 mg/（kg·d）group（positive drug control group）,n=20. The drugs were given by intraperitoneal injection from the second day after operation for 7 d,once a day. Nerve function impairment was assessed by blind nerve function score,and water volume and infarct volume of brain tissue were measured. Neuron morphology in hippocampal CA1 area was observed by HE staining. Biochemical analysis was made in brain tissue antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde（MDA） content;hemorheology and erythrocyte membrane fluidity index were determined. Results： Compared with the model group,the neurological scores of OMT medium,high-dose groups and EGB group were significantly decreased（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）;neurological function was significantly improved;water content in brain tissue was significantly reduced and infarct volume was significantly reduced（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The pathological morphological and structural changes of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area were obviously improved,and the activity of antioxidant enzymes [（superoxide dismutase（SOD）,catalase（CAT）] increased significantly and the content of MDA decreased significantly（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Hemorheological indexes,including the blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation index,erythrocyte denaturation index,erythrocyte rigidity index,red blood cell pressure,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,were significantly reduced（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity index（fluorescence polarization,mean micro viscosity and anisotropy） decreased significantly（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion： OMT may play a protective role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by improving hemorheology.