开放式创新有助于改善新创企业脆弱性吗?

Can open innovation help overcome liability of newness of Chinese start-ups

基于环境应配理论和组织敏捷性理论,对开放式创新导向促进新创企业脆弱性改善的中介机制和过程机理进了实证研究。通过对中国246家新创企业的问卷调查数据分析结果表明：（1）开放式创新导向对新创企业脆弱性改善具有促进作用,并能通过顾客敏捷性和伙伴敏捷性的中介作用对其产生影响,但是运营敏捷性的中介作用并不显著;（2）顾客敏捷性和伙伴敏捷性的中介效应受到网络闭合性的前段调节,相对于网络闭合性高的新创企业,间接效应在中、低水平网络闭合性的新创企业中更为显著;（3）顾客敏捷性的中介效应受到结构洞的前段调节,相对于高水平结构洞位置的新创企业,间接效应在中、低水平结构洞位置的新创企业中更为显著。研究结果有助于弥补开放式创新视角的企业新创弱性改善的实证研究缺口,进一步推进了开放式创新视角下的创业理论研究,对新创企业在实践中如何通过开放式创新克服初创脆弱性提供了重要的理论指导。

Based on theories of environment alignment and dynamic capability,this paper conducts questionnaire survey of 246 Chinese start-ups,and examines the mediating effect of the different organizational agility during the process that open innovation proclivity influences the improvement of the liability of newness,and the moderating effects of the two types of network structure in the process.The results show that：（1） through the mediating effect of organizational agility,the open innovation proclivity can improve the liability of newness in Chinese start-ups.（2） the organizational agility,especially the customer agility and partner agility,have important intermediating effect in the process which open innovation proclivity influences the liability of newness. However,statistics showed that operational agility has failed to have intermediating effect in that process.（3） Network structure plays an important moderating roles in the mechanism that open innovation proclivity influences the organizational agility of the start-ups. Under the different level of network closure and structural hole,the open innovation proclivity has different effect on the organizational agility of the start-ups. The paper theoretically meets the research gap of the improvement mechanism of the liability of newness,further validates the effectiveness of the construct of the liability of newness,enriches and expands the open innovation research in the entrepreneurial context.