诗学典范的选择与宋调的发轫——论天圣至嘉祐的诗学沿革

Choice of Poetic Norm and Start of Diao of Song Dynasty——On Poetic Inheritance during the Reign from Tiansheng to Jiayou

北宋文人的诗学典范经历着不断的选择和不断的否定,诗学理念与审美追求也经历着不断的兼容、会通、修正、转化以及由此带来的矫枉过正。天圣至嘉祐诗坛以韩愈和杜甫为诗学典范,又批判地继承了西昆体诗歌,吸取了其"尚学""尚雅"之诗学观以及一些诗歌特质,并用古体诗的"气格"及"以文为诗"的方式加以矫正。天圣至嘉祐诗坛对于诗学典范的选择及其诗学沿革,与宋代诗学"尚意""尚健"诗学审美观的形成,与北宋诗歌题材、文体、艺术、语言的革新以及宋调的发轫都有极其密切的关系。

Poetic norm of scholars in North Song Dynasty is chosen and negated continually and poetic idea and aesthetic pursuit is included, communicated, modified, transformed and over-corrected along with it. Poetic norm represented by HAN Yu and DU Fu during the reign from Tiansheng to Jiayou inherits critically Xikun style of poems, absorbing poetic feature of＂respecting knowledge＂and＂respecting grace＂, which is modified by old style poetic＂airs＂and＂prose as poem＂pattern. Poetic circle at that time leads to the choice and reform of poetic norm and the formation of＂respecting meaning＂and＂respecting fluency＂aesthetic idea,which is close to subject matter, style, art, linguistic innovation and start of Diao in North Song Dynasty.