贾谊的“过秦”论及其“六经”思想基础

JIA Yi's “Ten Crimes of Qin” and Ideological Foundation of “Liu Jing”

思想家、史学家贾谊的"过秦"论,是汉初"过秦"思潮的重要组成部分。贾谊"过秦"论的历史视角分为"攻"与"守"两个阶段,具体分析了秦之兴亡的原因,得出了"攻守势异"的历史认识;贾谊"过秦"论的目的是为西汉皇朝的政治统治提供历史借鉴,由此提出了具体的仁义治国理论。同时,贾谊是汉初"六经"的重要传人。其"六经"思想继承了先秦儒家特别是荀子的思想,并将其上升到哲学的高度,从天道观上作出了论证。在此基础上,贾谊具体阐述了"六经"经传内蕴的仁爱、礼治思想。这些"六经"之论,成为其"过秦"历史总结的思想基础。

As a thinker and historian, JIA Yi＇s＂Ten Crimes of Qin＂is an important part of the zeitgeist of criticism of Qin Dynasty in the beginning of Han Dynasty. In this paper, his historical perspective is divided into two periods which are attacked and defended, specifically analyzed with the reason for Qin Dynasty＇s rise and fall. The purpose of this paper is providing historical experience of political governing for the Western Han Dynasty. Meanwhile, JIA Yi is an important successor of＂Liu Jing＂. He inherits Pre-Qin Confucianism especially of Xuncius and reaches the level of philosophy. He demonstrates from the theory of Tiandao. From this essence, he makes a concrete exposition of kindheartedness and rule of rite from＂Liu Jing＂. In return,＂Liu Jing＂is a thought foundation of JIA Yi＇s thought.