乳腺癌化学预防的研究进展

Advances in chemoprevention of breast cancer

乳腺癌是女性中发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,严重威胁着女性的健康。雌激素通过与雌激素受体特异性结合引发信号级联反应,从而促进乳腺癌的发生。芳香化酶抑制剂(aromatase inhibitor,AI)与选择性雌激素受体调控剂(selective estrogen receptor modulators,SERMs)通过不同机制对抗雌激素的促癌作用,研究表明SERMs与AI可有效降低乳腺癌患者复发、转移及对侧乳腺癌发生的风险,提示其可能有效预防乳腺癌的发生。本文综述了SERMs与AI等药物预防乳腺癌的三期临床试验的最新研究进展。

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, which seriously threatens the health of women. Estrogen promotes the development of breast cancer by binding to estrogen receptor and triggering a signaling cascade. The aromatase inhibitor （AI） and the selective estrogen receptor modulators （SERMs） prevent the effect of estrogenon promoting breast cancer through different mechanisms. Relevant studies have shown that SERMs and AI can effectively reduce the recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer, which suggests that they may effectively prevent the occurrence of breast cancer. The latest research progress in the randomized clinical trials of chemoprevention agents such as SERMs and AI are reviewed in this paper.