长沙地区献血人群HTLV感染情况调查与策略研究

Investigation and strategy of human T-lymphotropic virus infection among blood donors in Changsha region

目的调查长沙无偿献血人群中人类T淋巴细胞白血病病毒(human T-lymphotropic virus,HTLV)感染情况,为湖南省血液中心开展HTLV抗体检测及采取相关措施确保血液质量与安全提供依据。方法 2016年9-10月对湖南省血液中心无偿献血人群进行常规检测的同时采用双抗原夹心酶联免疫法筛查HTLVⅠ/Ⅱ,初筛阳性标本血浆送国家临检中心确认。采用Sigmaplot画图软件分析处理2010-2016年湖南省血液中心无偿献血者中户籍为湖南省与福建、广东等沿海地区及其他省组成分布。结果无偿献血者共16 767份标本,初筛阳性标本24份,经蛋白免疫印迹实验确证,1份阳性,1份抗体不确定,其他为阴性。初筛阳性率为14.31/万,确认阳性率为5.96/10万,确认阳性者来自福建,不确定者为湖南本地人。献血人群户籍分布可见福建、广东等沿海地区献血人数比湖南献血人数增幅较大。结论湖南血液中心无偿献血人群属于HTLVⅠ/Ⅱ感染的非流行区或低发区,但来自HTLV高流行的福建、广东等沿海地区献血人群比例日渐壮大,为确保血液安全和受血者的健康,建议在湖南省血液中心开展HTLV抗体检测及采取相关措施确保血液质量与安全。

Objective To investigate the infection status of human T-lymphotropic virus （HTLV） among voluntary blood donors in Changsha, and to provide references for conducting HTLV antibody testing and taking relevant measures in Hunan Blood Center. Methods The routine serological testing was performed among voluntary blood donors in Hunan Blood Center from September to October, 2016; meanwhile, ELISA was used to detect serum HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ antibody. And seropositive samples were further confirmed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. Sigmaplot drawing software was employed to analyze the distribu- tion of voluntary blood donors from Hunan, the coastal regions like Fujian and Guangdong, and other provinces in Hunan Blood Center during 2010-2016. Results A total of 16,767 blood samples were collected from voluntary blood donors. The prelimi- nary screening was positive in 24 samples, and there were 1 positive sample from Fujian Province, 1 indeterminate sample from Hunan Province and 22 negative samples further confirmed by Western blot. The positive rates of preliminary screening and confirmation were 14.31/10,000 and 5.96/100,000 respectively. The distribution of blood donation population showed that the number of blood donors from Fujian, Guangdong and other coastal regions was more than that from Hunan Province. Conclusions HTLV- Ⅰ / Ⅱ infection is not so prevalent among voluntary blood donors in Hunan Blood Center, but the proportion of blood donors from Fujian, Guangdong and other high-prevalence coastal regions of HTLV infection increases quickly. It is necessary to conduct HTLV antibody testing and take corresponding measures in Hunan Blood Center so as to ensure blood safety and the health of receptors.