探讨协同护理模式对老年患者跌倒自我效能、发生率等指标的影响

The Study of Collaborative Nursing Model in the Prevention of Falls among Older Patients

目的:探讨协同护理模式应用于预防老年患者跌倒的效果,为临床探索降低老年人跌倒的发生率,提高患者自我管理能力提供参考。方法:将患者随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组采用医院常规护理方法,观察组除常规护理管理外,按照协同护理模式进行干预,通过活动步态指数、跌倒自我效能、生活环境改变率、跌倒频率等指标评价协同护理模式预防跌倒的效果。结果:协同护理干预1个月后,观察组与对照组的活动步态指数出现显著性差异(P<0.05),在干预3个月、6个月后各指标均出现显著性差异(P<0.05),患者的防跌倒信心倍增,生活环境明显改善,跌倒次数明显减少。结论:协同护理模式能够明显降低老年人患者跌倒发生率,提高老年人患者的活动步态指数,适当增加患者日常活动量,增加患者避免跌倒的信心,有助于改造患者的生活环境,是医疗机构、患者、家属值得采用的护理模式。

Objective：To explore the effect of collaborative nursing model used in the prevention of falls on elderly patients. To provide the reference on reducing the incidence of falls and improving the self management ability in clinic. Methods： 80 patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The control group was given routine nursing methods,while the observation group was given both routine nursing methods and collaborative nursing model by many kinds of healthy education,the cultivation of the consciousness of self-management and the telephone follow-up and home visits. The dynamic gait index,the fall self-efficacy and other methods were used to evaluate the effect of collaborative nursing model in the prevention of falls. Results：After a month of collaborative nursing intervention,there was significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the activity gait index（P〈0.05）,after intervention for 3 months and 6 months,there were significant differences（P〈0.05）,the observation group got a high dynamic gait index（P〈0.05） and fall self-efficacy（P〈0.05）,and the frequency of falls decreased significantly（P0.05）. Conclusion ：The collaborative nursing model can significantly decrease the frequency of falls,increase the dynamic gait index,increase the confidence of the patients to avoid falling and help to transform the patient＇s living environment. It is a effective nursing model that should be used among medical institutions,patients and family members.