网箱和流水池塘养殖俄罗斯鲟的生长特性

Growth Characteristics of Cultured Acipenser gueldenstaedtii

2017年随机从网箱(6m×6m×7.5m)采集1~7龄、流水池塘采8~10龄俄罗斯鲟Acipenser gueldenstaedtii样本500尾,测量体长和体质量,研究人工养殖俄罗斯鲟的生长特性。结果表明,养殖俄罗斯鲟的体长(L)与体质量(W)呈幂函数增长相关,其方程为:W=6×10^(-6)L^(3.1292)(R^2=0.9846,n=500),b>3,呈异速生长;1~10龄期间,俄罗斯鲟生长分为快速生长期(1~4龄)、稳定生长期(5~8龄)和生长衰老期(9~10龄);拟合出Von Bertallanff的生长方程为:L_t=130.776(1-e^(-0.269(t-0.122)))(R^2=0.948,n=500),W_t=35.709(1-e^(-0.112(t-1.905)))(R^2=0.878,n=500)。生长拐点年龄为4.36龄,拐点处W=8.59kg,L=90.52cm,拐点前生长较快;拐点后,体长生长减慢,体质量生长减慢滞后,10龄后出现负生长。建议人工养殖俄罗斯鲟商品鱼以5龄前上市为宜。

To evaluate and determine growth characteristics ofAcipenser gueldenstaedtii, we measured the standard length and body weight of industrially cultured A. gueldenstaedtii （n=500）. The results showed： the relationship between body length and weight could be described by the power function： W=6 × 10^-6L^3.1292 （R^2=-0.9846, n=500）,the b value was greater than 3, this means an allometric growth; there were three stages in the growth of A. gueldenstaedtii： fast growth stage （1-4 age）, the specific growth rates of body length （SL） and body weight （SW） were 20.12%/a - 23.96%/a and 62.07%/a - 87.36%/a, respectively; steady growth stage （5 - 8 age）, the SL and SW were 5.20%/a -10.21%/a and 17.36%/a - 26.46%/a, respectively; aging growth stage （9 - 10 age）, the SL were -1.16%/a and -1.73%/a, and SW were -2.73%/a and -1.33%/a, respectively. The growth of intensively cultured A. gueldenstaedtii was in a constant speed which can be described with Von Bertalanffy equation： L,=130.776（ 1-e^-0.269（1-0.122）） （R2=-0.948, n=500）, W,=35.709 （ 1-e^-0.112（1-0.905）） （R^2=0.878, n=500）. In addition, the age at the inflection point of body weight growth was 4.36 years, in which total body length and body weight were 90.52 em and 8.59 kg, respectively. Before inflection point, growth was faster; After inflection point, the growth rate of the fish was decreased obviously; Therefore, 5-age Acipenser gueldenstaedtii should be sold in the commercialization industrial aquaculture.