多发性骨髓瘤患者并发抑郁焦虑的相关因素

Related Factors of Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

目的：分析多发性骨髓瘤患者并发抑郁焦虑的相关因素。方法：选取我院2013年4月至2016年4月160例多发性骨髓瘤患者为研究对象。采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）与抑郁自评量表（SDS）评估患者焦虑与抑郁程度,根据评估结果将纳入患者分为焦虑组（n=58）与无焦虑组（n=102）,抑郁组（n=38）与无抑郁组（n=122）。比较组间年龄、性别、受教育程度、职业状况、经济收入、婚姻状况、居住地、疾病分期、并发症、治疗方案、知情程度等临床资料。结果：焦虑组高中及以上受教育程度、经济收入≥5万元/年、完全知情患者比例显著低于无焦虑组的（χ^2=6.660,10.282,11.254;P=0.010,0.001,0.001）,女性、在职、未婚或离异、居住在城镇或农村、疾病分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、发生并发症患者比例显著高于无焦虑组（χ^2=4.380,5.849,6.411,11.304,12.782;P=0.036,0.016,0.011,0.001,0.000）。抑郁组高中及以上受教育程度、经济收入≥5万元/年、完全知情患者比例显著低于无抑郁组（χ^2=6.355,10.451,6.635;P=0.012,0.001,0.010）,女性、在职、未婚或离异、居住在城镇或农村、疾病分期Ⅲ-Ⅳ期、发生并发症患者比例显著高于无抑郁组（χ~2=5.372,4.420,4.523,10.744,10.815;P=0.020,0.036,0.033,0.001,0.001）。结论：多发性骨髓瘤患者易出现焦虑、抑郁情绪,以轻度焦虑、抑郁为主。性别、受教育程度、职业状况、经济收入、婚姻状况、疾病分期、并发症、知情程度等8个因素对多发性骨髓瘤并发抑郁焦虑的发生有显著影响。

Objective：To analyze the related factors of depression and anxiety in patients with multiple myeloma（MM）.Methods：A total of 160 patients with MM treated in our hospital from April 2013 to April 2016 were selected as subjects.The degree of anxiety and depression was evaluated with the self rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）and self rating Depression Scale（SDS）,and according to the evaluation results,patients were divided into the anxiety group（n=58）and non-anxiety group（n=102）,depression group（n=38）and non depression group（n=122）.The clinical data such as age,gender,education level,employment status,income,marital status,place of residence,stage of disease,complications,treatment plan and degree of awareness were compared between the groups.Results：The proportions of patients whose education level was high school or higher,whose income was more than 50 thousand yuan a year and fully informed patients in the anxiety group were significantly lower than those in non-anxiety group（χ^2=6.660,10.282,11.254;P〈0.05）,while the proportions of female patients,in-service patients,unmarried or divorced patients,patients living in towns or rural areas,patients whose disease stage was III-IV and patients having compli cations were significantly higher than those in non anxiety group（χ^2=4.380,5.849,6.411,11.304,12.782;P〈0.05）.The proportions of patients whose education level was high school or higher,whose income was more than 50 thousand yuan a year and fully informed patients in the depression group were significantly lower than those in non-depression group（χ^2=6.355,10.451,6.635,P〈0.05）,while the proportions of female patients,in-service patients,unmarried or divorced patients,patients living in towns or rural areas,patients whose disease stage was Ⅲ-Ⅳ and patients having complications were significantly higher than those in non-depression group（χ~2=5.372,4.420,4.523,10.744,10.815;P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Patients with MM are prone to have anxiety and depression,and the degree is mild.Gender,educational level,occupational status,income,marital status,stage of disease,complications and degree of awareness have a significant effect on the occurrence of depression and anxiety in patients with MM.