大学生网络成瘾、自我效能感与孤独感之间的关系

The Relationship of Internet Addiction,General Self-efficacy and Loneliness of College Students

目的：本研究探讨网络成瘾、自我效能和孤独感三者的联系,及其在人口学变量上的差异。为学生提高自我效能感水平,降低孤独、网络成瘾行为提供指导。方法：方便抽样法抽取华北理工大学210名在校大学生,采用网络成瘾诊断量表、一般自我效能量表和UCLA孤独量表进行调查,通过SPSS统计软件进行统计分析。结果：（1）大学生孤独感水平较高;网络成瘾总体状况处在一个正常使用网络范围的水平;自我效能感处在一个较高的水平;（2）性别在自我效能感（t=2.160,P〈0.05）上存在显著的差异;（3）不同年级在自我效能感（F=4.717,P〈0.01）、孤独感（F=3.367,P〈0.05）上存在显著性差异,在网络成瘾（F=1.973）上没有统计学意义。经过两两比较后发现大一与大二、大三在自我效能感、孤独感上有统计学意义,大一与大四在自我效能感上有统计学意义;（4）不同专业在孤独感（F=4.489,P〈0.05）上存在显著差异,在网络成瘾（F=1.589）,自我效能感（F=2.134）上没有达到显著性水平;（5）大学生在自我效能感与孤独感（r=-0.228,P〈0.01）之间存在显著负相关;在网络成瘾与孤独感（r=0.360,P〈0.01）之间存在显著正相关;（6）大学生自我效能感、网络成瘾对孤独感进行回归分析中,在P=0.001水平上显著,表明自我效能感、网络成瘾能够很好的预测大学生孤独感。结论：大学生孤独感水平较高,自我效能感水平越高孤独感越低。大学生自我效能感普遍较高,男生的自我效能感高于女生;大学生在网络成瘾上处于正常使用网络范围水平,网络成瘾越严重孤独感水平越高。回归分析显示网瘾和自我效能感能对孤独感有显著影响。

Objective：To explore the relationship between the internet addiction,general self-efficacy and loneliness,and the differences of different demographic variables.This study can be effective for providing corresponding suggestions for college students to improve their general self-efficacy level,reduce their loneliness and network addiction behavior.Methods：With convenience sampling,210 college students were recruited into this study from North China University of Science and Technology.The UCLA loneliness scale,general self-efficacy scale and internet addiction diagnostic scale were conducted among the 210 college students.Results：（1）The level of loneliness was high among college students.The overall condition of college students＇ network addiction was at a level of normal use of the network.The general self-efficacy of college students was at a higher level.（2） Gender difference was statistical significance in self-efficacy（t=2.160,P〈0.05）.（3）Different grade had significant difference in general self-efficacy（F=4.717,P〈0.01）and loneliness（F=3.367,P〈0.05）and no statistical significance in Internet addiction.（4）There was a significant difference in ioneliness（F=4.489,P〈0.05）among different professionals,and no significant difference in internet addiction and general self-efficacy.（5） Loneliness was negative correlated with general self-efficacy and loneliness（r=-0.228,P〈0.01）,and positive correlateg with internet addiction（r=0.360,P〈0.01）.（6）General self-efficacy and internet addiction could significantly predict loneliness of college students.Conclusion：There is high loneliness among college students.The higher general self-efficacy they are,the lower loneliness they get.The general self-efficacy of college students is at a high level.The self-efficacy of male students is higher than that of the female students.The level of internet addiction in college students is at the level of normal use of network.The more serious internet addiction they get,the higher sense of loneliness they are.Regression analysis shows that internet addiction,general self-efficacy can well predict college students＇ loneliness.