论困境儿童的社会支持网络重构和抗逆力提升

Discussion on the Social Support Network Reconstruction and Resilience Improvement for Troubled Children

困境儿童一部分源于身体残疾、重病,一部分因为父母重度残疾、长期在外务工、服刑在押或强制戒毒导致的家庭照顾、亲子关系缺失。当这些困境儿童面对逆境时,普遍缺乏健康的心态、正向的选择能力和建设性的方法。从提升困境儿童抗逆力的角度出发,研究发现,困境儿童主要面临身心障碍、生活困难、制度滞后、社会排斥的风险。可以通过建立"豆芽"公益网站,组建志愿服务队伍,链接社会资源,构建困境儿童的社会支持网络,强化外部支持因素(I have);通过社会工作专业辅导和康复训练,增强困境儿童的内在优势因素(I am)和自我效能因素(I can)。总之,应从互助增能、优势共建、合理赋权和意义建构等方面不断建设和增强困境儿童群体的抗逆力。

It is found that the children in distress are partly due to physical disability and serious illness,and the other part is due to lack of family care and parent-child relationships caused by parents with severe disabilities,long-term migrant workers,prison sentences or compulsory drug rehabilitation. When faced with adversities,these children generally lack a healthy mentality,positive selection ability and constructive approach.From the perspective of enhancing the resilience of children in distress,the study found that children in predicament are mainly at risk of physical and mental disorders,life difficulties,institutional lag and social exclusion.This study reinforces the external support factors( I have) by establishing the bean sprouts public service website,forming volunteer service teams,linking social resources and building social support networks for children in distress; through the social work of professional counseling and rehabilitation training to enhance the predicament of children's inherent strengths( I am) and self-efficacy( I can). In a word,it is necessary to build up and strengthen the resilience of children in distress from the perspectives of mutual help and rejuvenation,the building of advantages,the rational empowerment and construction of meaning.