2013年宁德核电站周围食品中放射性物质水平监测

Monitoring of radiation level in food from surrounding areas of Ningde Nuclear Power Station in 2013

目的掌握宁德核电站装料运行初期周围地区食品中放射性物质水平。方法采集宁德核电站周围以及对照点的7大类33个食品样品,前处理后,使用低本底高纯锗Υ谱仪进行能谱分析。结果 2013年宁德核电站周围蔬菜、淡水鱼虾蟹贝、海水鱼虾蟹贝、家畜家禽肉类、茶叶、粮食作物、海藻类等7大类食品中,天然放射性核素^(238)U的含量<0.003~4.81Bq/kg,^(232)Th未检出<0.006~4.22 Bq/kg,^(226)Ra为0.008~8.12Bq/kg,40K为17.97~429.30 Bq/kg,人工放射性核素137Cs含量为0.008~0.80 Bq/kg,^(134)Cs、^(58)Co、^(60)Co等未检出。结论 2013年宁德核电站周围食品中天然放射性核素水平处于当地食品的本底范围,食品中的137Cs为上世纪核爆、切尔诺贝利以及日本福岛等核事故后进入生物链的核素。在核电站运行前期进行食品中放射性水平监测,可以积累本底数据,对核电站长期运行后对周围居民的健康影响以及事故后的卫生学评价均有积极的意义。

[Objective]To investigate the radiation level in the food from surrounding areas of Ningde Nuclear Power Station in its early running stage. [Methods] The samples of 33 foods in 7 categories were collected from surrounding areas of Ningde Nuclear Power Station and control points. Low background Hp Ge detector was used to analyze the spectrum after food samples were pretreated. [Results] Among samples of 7 food categories from surrounding areas of Ningde Nuclear Power Station in 2013,including vegetable,freshwater fish,shrimp and crab shellfish,seawater fish,shrimp and crab shellfish,livestock and poultry meat,tea,grain crops,and seaweed,the radiation levels of natural radionuclides were as follows ：^238U was 0.003-4.81 Bq/kg,^232Th was not detected 0.006-4.22 Bq/kg,^226Ra was 0.008-8.12 Bq/kg,40 K was 17.9-429.30 Bq/kg,while the radiation levels of artificial radionuclides were as follows：137 Cs was 0.008-0.80 Bq/kg,and ^134Cs,^58Co and ^60Co were not detected. [Conclusion] The radiation levels of natural radionuclides in the food from surrounding areas of Ningde Nuclear Power Station in 2013 are in the range of the background level of the local food.^137 Cs in food entered into the biological chain after nuclear accidents in the last century,such as nuclear explosion,Chernobyl accident and Fukushima accident. Monitoring of radiation level in food in the early running stage of a nuclear power station could accumulate background data,and had positive meaning for evaluation of residents＇ health affection after long-term operation of nuclear power plant and health evaluation after nuclear power station accident.