陕西省硕士研究生心理韧性和危机脆弱性与应对方式之间的关系

Relationship between psychological toughness,crisis vulnerability and coping style of master postgraduate students in Shaanxi Province

目的了解陕西省硕士研究生心理韧性和危机脆弱性与应对方式之间的关系。方法采用中国版心理韧性量表(CD-RISC)、危机脆弱性测验问卷和简易应对方式问卷对陕西省西安、宝鸡及咸阳3市10所大学的硕士研究生进行调查。结果 (1)硕士研究生危机脆弱性整体处于中上水平,平均分为9.44±4.24,不同性别(t=0.818,P<0.05)、婚姻状况(t=1.993,P<0.05)、年级(F=4.457,P<0.05)和专业(F=3.248,P<0.05)的硕士研究生在危机脆弱性上的差异有统计学意义;不同年龄和类别在该维度上的差异无统计学意义。不同年龄的硕士研究生在力量这一维度上的差异有统计学意义(F=2.247,P<0.05),36~40岁年龄段的得分最高,在其他维度上的差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);不同年级的硕士研究生在乐观维度上的差异有统计学意义(F=3.419,P<0.05);不同性别、婚姻状况、专业和类别在各维度上的差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。不同年级的硕士研究生在消极应对这一维度上的差异具有统计学意义(F=3.403,P<0.05);不同专业的硕士研究生在积极应对这一维度上的差异有统计学意义(F=3.589,P<0.05),医学类专业得分高于其他专业;不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况及类别在各维度上的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。(2)硕士研究生心理韧性与危机脆弱性之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.373,P<0.01),与积极应对方式呈显著正相关(r=0.545,P<0.01);危机脆弱性与积极应对呈显著负相关(r=-0.381,P<0.01)。心理韧性对积极应对有显著的正向预测作用;危机脆弱性对积极应对有负向预测作用。(3)危机脆弱性在心理韧性与积极应对之间存在部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的14%。结论陕西省硕士研究生心理韧性与积极应对方式之间呈显著正相关,危机脆弱性与心理韧性和积极应对方式呈显著负相关,危机脆弱性在心理韧性对应对方式的影响之中起到中介作用。

[Objective]To understand the relationship between psychological toughness,crisis vulnerability and coping style of master postgraduate students in Shaanxi Province. [Methods] The Chinese version of the mental toughness scale（CD-RISC） the crisis vulnerability test questionnaire and the simple coping style questionnaire were used to investigate the master postgraduate students from ten universities in Xi＇an City,Baoji City and Xianyang City of Shaanxi Province. [Results]（1） The crisis vulnerability of master postgraduate students was at the middle level,with an average score of 9.44±4.24. The differences in crisis vulnerability were statistically significant among students in different gender（t=0.818,P〈0.05）,marital status（t=1.993,P〈0.05）,grade（F=4.457,P〈0.05） and specialty（F=3.248,P〈0.05）.There were no statistically significant differences in this dimension among students in different age and category. The difference in power dimension was statistically significant among different age group（F=2.247,P〈0.05）,and the score was highest in the 36-40 age group. The differences in other dimensions were not statistically significant（all P〉0.05）. The difference in optimistic dimension was statistically significant among different grades（F=3.419,P〈0.05）.There were no statistically significant differences in other dimensions among students in different gender,marital status,major and category（all P〉0.05）. The difference in negative coping was statistically significant among different grades（F=3.403,P〈0.05）,the difference in positive coping was statistically significant among students in different major（F=3.589,P〈0.05）,and the scores of medical students were higher than those of students in other majors. There were no statistically significant differences in other dimensions among students in different gender,age,marital status and category（all P〉0.05）.（2）There was a significant negative correlation between mental toughness and crisis vulnerability in master postgraduate students（r=-0.373,P〈0.01）,and the mental toughness was positively correlated with positive coping style（r=0.545,P〈0.01）. Crisis vulnerability was significantly negatively correlated with positive coping style（r=-0.381,P〈0.01）. Mental toughness had a significant positive predictive effect on positive coping,while crisis vulnerability had a negative predictive effect on positive coping.（3）Crisis vulnerability had some intermediary effect between mental toughness and active coping,and the mediation effect accounted for 14% of the total effect. [Conclusion] There is a significant positive correlation between the mental toughness and the positive coping style of master postgraduate students in Shaanxi Province. The crisis vulnerability has a significant negative correlation with resilience and positive coping style. Crisis vulnerability plays an intermediary role in the psychological resilience of coping style.