2015—2016年深圳市龙华区学校卫生常见病发病情况

Epidemic situation of common diseases in schools in Longhua District of Shenzhen City from 2015-2016

目的了解2015—2016学年深圳市龙华区中小学生发育状况和常见病检测情况,为学校卫生工作提供依据。方法对2015—2016学年龙华区60所体检学校上报深圳市学生健康信息监测系统的身高、体重和常见病检出情况等数据进行分析。结果龙华区各学龄阶段学生身高上等率和下等率低于深圳市平均水平;各学龄组超重检出率为10.49%,低于深圳市平均水平11.80%;检出疾病以龋齿、视力不良、肥胖3种常见病为主,检出率依次为55.00%、8.31%、7.33%。其中龋齿(55.00%)和贫血的发病率(5.28%)较深圳市(40.03%、3.30%)高,且龋均最大值出现在小学组,恒龋失补(DMF)率均高于深圳市平均水平。视力不良发病率(38.31%)较深圳市低(46.98%),沙眼和脊柱侧弯发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论通过体检监测系统可以更全面,准确地分析龙华区学生健康状况,了解龙华区中小学生的生长发育情况和常见病的检出情况,有利于学校卫生工作顺利开展。

[Objective]To understand the development status of primary and middle school students and the detection rates of common diseases among this group in Longhua District of Shenzhen City from 2015-2016,provide the basis for the school health work. [Methods] The data of height,weight and detection rates of common diseases in Shenzhen student health information surveillance system were analyzed,which were reported by 60 physical examination schools in Longhua District in the school year of 2015-2016. [Results] The superiority rate and inferiority rate of height in students at all school age groups were lower than the average levels in Shenzhen City. The detection rate of overweight was 10.49%,which was lower the average level of Shenzhen City（11.80%）. The top three common diseases were dental caries,poor eyesight and obesity,which the detection rate was 55.00%,8.31% and 7.33%,respectively. The incidence rate of dental caries（55.00%） and anemia（5.28%） were respectively higher than those of Shenzhen City（40.03% and 3.30%）. The maximum of dental caries appeared in the primary school group,and the rate of decay missing filling（DMF） was higher than the average level of Shenzhen City. The incidence of poor visual acuity（38.31%）was lower than that in Shenzhen City（46.98%）,and there were no significant differences in the incidence rates of trachoma and scoliosis（P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] The physical examination monitoring system can more comprehensively and accurately analyze the health status of students in Longhua District,and understand the growth and development of primary and middle school students and the detection rates of common diseases,which is conducive to the implementation of school health work.