复合材料头盔壳体用超薄层合板冲击后的压缩性能

Compression Performance after Being Subjected to Impact of Ultra-thin Composite Laminates for Helmet

使用[0°/0°/0°]T、[45°/0°/45°]T两种铺层角度将碳纤维经面缎纹织物、碳纤维平纹织物预浸料、不同面密度芳纶纬编双轴向织物(MBWK)三种增强材料混杂铺层,制备出厚度为1.30 mm的复合材料头盔壳体用超薄层合板。测试分析了层板冲击后的压缩性能,用C扫描超声波检测仪测试了层合板冲击损伤图像,使用Image Pro Plus图像分析软件计算出不同冲击条件下的超薄层合板冲击损伤面积,研究了增强体结构类型、铺层角度对超薄复合材料层合板冲击后压缩性能的影响。结果表明,使用铺层角度为[45°/0°/45°]T的增强体结构可抑制层板沿纤维方向的冲击损伤裂纹的扩展,但是冲击点损伤破坏严重;纬编双轴向织物的面密度越大,则层板冲击后的凹坑深度越小。与其他铺层结构相比,当铺层角度为[0°/0°/0°]T时底层为碳纤维预浸料、中间层纬编双轴向织物面密度为630 g/m2、面层为碳纤维经面缎纹织物的复合材料超薄层板的冲击损伤面积与凹坑深度均最小,分别为225.28 mm2、0.16 mm,其剩余冲击后压缩强度达到最大值97.43 MPa,压缩强度保持率75.72%。这种结构,具有优异的冲击后压缩性能。

Ultra-thin composite laminates of 1.30 mm for making helmet were fabricated by 5-harness satin weave cabon fiber fabric, plain weave carbon fiber prepreg and kevlar multilayered biaxial weft knitted（MBWK） fabric with different areal weight. The stacking sequence were [0°/0°/0°]Tand [45°/0°/45°]T.The composite laminates were subjected to given drop hammer impacts and then the mechanical property of compression after impact（CAI） was measured and analyzed. The impact damage was assessed subsequently by coupled ultrasound scanner and the damage area was calculated by image analysis software of Image Pro Plus, and the influence of reinforcement, stacking sequence on CAI were investigated. It is observed that reinforcement with [45°/0°/45° ]Tcould restrain the propagation of crack along the fiber direction, nevertheless, the impact point of laminates was seriously damaged. And the dent depth was smaller with the increasing areal weight of MBWK fabric. Compared with other structures, the ultra-thin composite laminate, prepared with stacking sequence of [0°/0°/0°]T, bottom layer of carbon fiber prepreg, the middle layer of MBWK fabric and the top layer of 5-harness satin carbon fabric, presented the smallest damage area and dent depth i.e. 225.28 mm^2 and 0.16 mm respectively, correspondingly the residual compressive strength reaches the maximum of 97.43 MPa and the compressive strength retention rate was 75.72%. It follows that this reinforcement structure exhibits excellent compresion performance after being subjected to drop hammer impact effect.