英汉特殊空间移动构式“路径”表达的认知对比研究

A cognitive contrastive study of path expressions in the special spatial motion representation in English and Chinese

路径,作为空间移动的核心语义要素,其编码问题一直是语言学界关注的热点。以往研究多围绕自主移动表达展开,未能揭示空间移动表达的全貌。本研究立足认知语言学框架,基于语料库对英汉致使移动构式表达的路径表征进行考察。结果显示:1)相比自主移动,致使移动的认知图式结构更为复杂;2)英汉致使移动路径表征均包含三种矢量、四种方向和四种维度;3)英汉路径表征均使用多元化词汇化模式,英语以介副词为主,分工明确,语义颗粒度小,而汉语以趋向动词为主,包容笼统,"兼职"性强。本研究有助于深入揭示英汉空间移动构式表达的语言规律和运作机制。

As a core semantic element in spatial motion events,＂path＂has always been a hot topic in linguistic studies. Previous researches mainly focused on voluntary motion expressions,which were limited in research scope and did not unveil their complete view. Based on a corpus investigation and cognitive linguistic framework,the present study probes into＂path＂representation in caused motion expressions in English and Chinese. The results show that： 1） Cognitive image schemas of caused motion events are more complicated than that of voluntary motion events; 2） English and Chinese ＂path＂representation both express three vectors,four directions and four dimensions; and 3） they both utilize diverse lexicalization patterns to express path information. English expressions prefer prepositions and adverbs which are featured by clear-cut functions and subtle meaning differentiation,while Chinese counterparts center on directional verbs which are inclusive and ambiguous in meaning.The present study helps to deepen the study of language rules and mechanism between English and Chinese.