级转移与复合介词:汉语投射介词短语的功能语法辨析

Rankshift and complex preposition: Functional grammatical analysis of projecting prepositional phrase in Chinese

汉语有一类专门用于表达投射意义的介词短语,传统语法未对其内部结构差异进行过足够充分的讨论。在系统功能语法视角下,本文探讨投射介词短语中形式相近的四种词汇语法策略:1)小句级转移为范围成分;2)名物化和级转移双重分析;3)小句级转移为修饰语;4)复合介词。系统功能语法的级阶理论和及物性分析方法能够为汉语短语结构提供新的阐释和更为清晰的界定。

In Chinese,a certain group of prepositional phrases are employed to realize the meaning of projection. Traditional grammar,however,has not paid enough attention to their different internal structures. From the perspective of Systemic Functional Grammar,this paper discusses four types of lexicogrammatical strategies of projecting prepositional phrases which appear similar in form： 1） clause rankshifted as Range; 2） double-analysis of nominalization and rankshift; 3） clause rankshifted as Modifier; and 4） complex preposition. The rank theory and transitivity analysis of Systemic Functional Grammar offer a new interpretation and clearer definition of phrase structure in Chinese.