天人合一 物我两忘——《拓荒者》中皮袜子的自然观分析

Be one with nature and be one of nature: An analysis of Leatherstocking's view of nature in The Pioneers

本文通过分析美国著名作家詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏的代表作《拓荒者》中的主人公猎人皮袜子的狩猎、捕鱼方式和对自然风景的爱护,指出小说作者对皮袜子所代表的、有节制的人类中心主义自然观的认同与赞赏,对在极端人类中心主义自然观的指导下破坏和过度开发荒野的早期欧洲移民的批评,得出了《拓荒者》是一部成长小说的结论——它唤醒了美国人的生态意识,促进了美利坚民族的精神成长。

By analyzing Leatherstocking＇ s way of hunting, fishing and preserving natural scenery, this essay asserts that Leatherstocking, the hero of The Pioneers, the representative work of the well-known American writer James Fenimore Cooper, is the mouthpiece of its author＇s temperate anthropocentric view of nature, which contrasts sharply with the extreme anthropocentrism represented by early European immigrants in the novel who overexploited and damaged nature severely, and it concludes that this novel is a bildungsroman which raises Americans＇ ecological consciousness and thus promotes the nation＇ s spiritual growth.