2015-2016年温州市麻疹、风疹流行病学和临床特征分析

An epidemiological and clinical characteristics analysis of the measles and rubella in Wenzhou during 2015-2016

目的:分析2015-2016年温州市麻疹和风疹病例的流行病学和临床特征,研究温州市麻疹和风疹的防控措施。方法:查询"麻疹监测信息报告管理系统",从中获取2015-2016年温州全市麻疹和风疹数据,采用描述性流行病学方法对数据进行分析。结果:2015-2016年温州市共报告麻疹、风疹病例573例,其中麻疹确诊病例118例,风疹确诊病例21例;麻疹发病高峰集中在3-7月,风疹发病高峰主要集中在3-5月;麻疹确诊病例数最多的县(市、区)为平阳县,风疹确诊病例数最多的县(市、区)为苍南县;麻疹、风疹发病主要集中在5岁以下儿童;所有麻疹、风疹病例临床表现均以发热、出疹、咳嗽为主,有5例麻疹病例出现并发症,风疹所有病例均未出现并发症。结论:近年温州市麻疹、风疹疫情趋于稳定,应不断加强疾病监测,提高监测敏感性,并做好重点人群预防接种工作。

Objective To explore the prevention and control measures by analyzing the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of measles and rubella in Wenzhou during 2015 to 2016. Methods The system for measles monitoring and reporting was retrieved for the data of measles and rubella of Wenzhou City during 2015-2016 which were analyzed later by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 573 measles and rubella cases were reported during 2015 -2016,of which 118 cases of measles and 21 cases of rubella were laboratory-confirmed. The peak months for mea sles were from March to July,and the peak months for rubella were from March to May. The confirmed measles and rubella with the highest number of cases were reported in Pingyang County and Cangnan County,respectively. Most of the patients were children under 5 years old and most of the clinical manifestations of both measles and rubella cases were fever,rash and cough. Complications were found in 5 cases of measles,hut no complications were found in all cases of rubella. Conclusions In recent years the epidemic situation of measles and rubella was stable in Wenzhou,therefore, disease monitoring should be enhanced to promote the sensitivity of surveillance and meanwhile the immunization of target population should be conducted.