摘要
本文对Brunsson N等人(2012)开展的组织标准化动态(standardization dynamics(1))研究进行重点介绍,包括3个不同的组织视角:(1)标准制定组织的标准化;(2)标准应用组织的标准化;(3)具有组织功能的标准化,以及3个不同视角标准化过程中的冲突或紧张关系及其动态过程。他们的研究对标准化组织的会员制和协商一致等规则发挥作用的机制,以及标准在经济和社会中的实施、传播过程中发挥作用的机理给出了组织研究的解释。他们认为,虽然标准和标准化通常与稳定性和一致性的概念相连,但是在标准化过程中存在着冲突,并形成相应的动态过程。标准化在本质上是一种动态(dynamics)现象。本文还对Brunsson N等人(2012)的研究思路进行了梳理,对于标准的自愿性以及制度理论中的合法性(legitimacy(2))概念用于解释标准化动态现象进行了讨论,并指出了还需进一步研究的内容。笔者认为,标准化的组织研究是对标准化知识体系建设是一个非常重要的补充。
This paper introduces the study of standardization dynamics by Brunsson Netal. (2012), including three different perspectives of organizational study: (1) the standardization of organizations, (2) the standardization by organizations, (3) the standardization as organization, and the tension and dynamics in the processes of standard development, revision, adoption, and standard as a way in organizing society. By their research, the explanations of organization study on some standardization phenomena are given, including the mechanisms by which the rules of membership and consensus in standardization organizations exert, as well as the mechanisms by which the processes of standards implementation and diffusion in economy and society exert. They think, though, standard and standardization are usually connected with the concept of stability and consistency, but different tensions exist in the processes of standardization, and lead to respective dynamics. So, the standardization process is essentially a dynamics phenomenon. In this paper, the research ideas of Brunsson Netal. (2012) are sorted out; The phenomena of standardization dynamics explained by the voluntariness of standards and the concept of legitimacy in institutional theory are discussed. It also points out that further research is needed. The author believes that the organization study of standardization is a very important supplement to the construction of standards knowledge system.
作者
王平
WANG Ping(China National Institute of Standardizatio)
出处
《标准科学》
2018年第6期57-63,共7页
Standard Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目"标准化对自主创新与产业发展的作用机理及相关公共政策研究"(项目编号:71373137)
国家自然科学基金应急项目"创新驱动发展面临的新形势
新挑战与应对政策研究"(项目编号:71441025)
国家社科基金重大项目"中国标准治理与全球贸易规则重构研究"(项目编号:17ZDA099)共同资助
关键词
组织
标准化
动态
自愿性
制度
合法性
organization
standardization
dynamics
voluntariness
institution
legitimacy