276例健康儿童血清维生素A、D、E营养状况研究

Study on the nutriture of serum vitamin A, D, E in 276 healthy children

目的通过分析276例健康儿童血清维生素A、D、E营养状况,探讨其与年龄、性别、季节的关系,为本地区合理补充维生素A、D、E及预防相关疾病的发生提供依据。方法选取2016年1—12月健康查体的276名儿童为研究对象,采用电化学发光法检测维生素A、D、E的水平,同时收集儿童的性别、年龄、查体季节等基本情况,进而分析其与维生素水平的关系。计量资料比较采用t检验及单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用SNK-q法;计数资料比较采用χ2检验。结果 276例儿童维生素A缺乏及不足率达64%;维生素D缺乏及不足率达98%,维生素E不足率为24%。不同性别维生素A、D、E水平差异无统计学意义,各年龄组维生素A、E水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);维生素D水平1~6个月组低于其余两组(均P<0.05);6~18个月组与18个月以上组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血清维生素A水平冬季最高(P=0.004),维生素D水平夏季最高(P=0.000),维生素E水平春季最高(P=0.02),其他季节比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论健康儿童维生素A、D、E不足及缺乏比例高,营养状况差,应针对高危儿童、高危季节合理补充,以预防相关疾病的发生。

Objective To investigate the levels of serum vitamin A, D, E in 276 healthy children,and to analyze its relationship with age, sex and season, providing the basis for the rational supplement of vitamin A, D, E and the prevention of related diseases in the region.Methods The research was involved in 276 children who took health physical examination from January to December 2016. Levels of vitamin A, D and E were determined by electrochemical luminescence. The basic situation of sex, age and physical examination season were collected and the relations with vitamin levels were analyzed. Measurement data were compared by t test and one-way ANOVA, further comparison between two groups were analyzed by SNK-q test. Enumeration data were compared by χ2 test.P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The deficiency rates of vitamin A, D and E in 276 children were 64%, 98% and 24%. There was no significant difference in vitamin A, D and E levels between different sexes. There was no significant difference in the levels of vitamin A and E in all age groups（P〉0.05）. The level of Vitamin D in 1-6 month group was lower than the other two groups（all P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference between the 6-18 month group and over 18 months group（P〉0.05）. The levels of vitamin A in serum was the highest in winter（P=0.004）, and the difference of Vitamin A levels between spring, summer and autumn and three seasons were not statistically significant. Serum Vitamin A level was the highest in winter（P=0.004）,Vitamin D level was the highest in summer（P=0.000）,Vitamin E level was the highest in spring（P=0.020）, and there was no significant difference between other seasons. Conclusion Healthy children are deficient in vitamin A, D and E, and are lack of high nutritional status. They should be supplemented for high-risk children and high-risk seasons reasonably, so as to prevent the occurrence of related diseases.