ICMM职业健康风险评估模型在某铅酸蓄电池企业中的应用

Application of ICMM Occupational Health Risk Assessment Modelin evaluation of occupational risk of a lead-acid battery enterprise

目的 采用国际采矿与金属委员会（ICMM）职业健康风险评估模型对某铅酸蓄电池企业进行风险评估.方法 于2016年11月,选取江苏省某铅酸蓄电池企业为研究对象,根据职业卫生调查资料、职业病危害因素检测报告等基本资料,运用ICMM风险评估模型对某铅酸蓄电池企业8个关键岗位进行职业健康风险评估,并用实际检测结果验证风险评估结果的准确性.结果 定量评估模型中,接触铅烟的铸板和焊接岗位、接触铅尘的磨片和分刷片岗位的职业健康风险评估结果为不可容忍风险;接触铅尘的球磨和涂板岗位的职业健康风险评估结果为可容忍风险;接触硫酸的和膏与加酸岗位的职业健康风险评估结果为潜在风险.定性评估矩阵法中,接触铅烟的铸板与焊接岗位,接触铅尘的磨片与分刷片岗位均存在高风险,其他4个关键岗位的职业危害因素风险评估结果均为低风险.结论 ICMM模型中定量评估模型和定性评估矩阵法对关键岗位职业危害因素的健康风险评估结果分别与实际检测结果比较均一致,因此该法能应用于该铅酸蓄电池企业职业健康风险的评估.根据评估结果可对风险高的岗位实行改进措施,降低高风险岗位的职业危害因素浓度,从而更好的保障工人的健康.

Objective ICMM occupational health risk assessment model was be used to evaluate the risk of a lead-acid battery enterprise.Methods In November 2016,a lead-acid battery company in Jiangsu Province was selected as the research object.Based on the occupational health survey data and occupational hazard assessment reports,the ICMM risk assessment model was used to conduct occupational health risks in eight key positions of a lead-acid battery enterprise.The risk assessment results was verified by actual test results.Results In the quantitative assessment model,the occupational health risk assessment results for the castings and welding positions exposed to lead smoke,and the occupational health risk assessment results for the grinding and dividing positions exposed to lead dust existed unacceptable risks.The occupational health risk assessment results for the ball-milled and plated positions exposed to lead dust existed tolerable risks.The occupational health risk assessment results for the lead-plated and soldered positions exposed to sulphuric acid pastes and acids existed potential risks.In qualitative evaluation matrix method,the occupational health risk assessment results for the castings and welding positions exposed to lead smoke,and the occupational health risk assessment results for the grinding and dividing positions exposed to lead dust existed high risks,the occupational health risk assessment results for other four key positions were considered to be with low risks.Conclusion The key control points for lead smoke in this enterprise were castings and welding positions;The key control points for lead dust were the grinding and separating brush positions.The quantitative assessment model and the qualitative assessment matrix method in the ICMM model were consistent with the actual test results in the eight health risk assessments of occupational hazards in key positions.Therefore,the method could be applied to the assessment of occupational health risks of the lead-acid battery enterprise.According to the results of the assessment,improvements could be made to high-risk positions and the concentration of occupational hazards in high-risk posts could be reduced to better protect the health of workers.