转基因生物技术知识产权共享制度的反思与完善

Introspection and Perfection of the Intellectual Property Share System of Genetically Modified Organisms

转基因生物技术的发展促进了转基因生物技术知识产权的共享,其之所以能适应转基因生物技术的发展需求,是因为其因应了转基因生物技术竞争力提升和社会运行成本降低的内在机理。然而,囿于传统知识产权保护制度对知识产权共享的弱化,转基因生物技术知识产权的共享在现实实践和理论研究中均陷于泥淖,制约了其优化社会知识资源的功能发挥。从利益衡量的角度出发,转基因生物技术知识产权共享制度应秉持利益平衡和公平正义原则,并从利益层次结构上对现状问题进行反思,在此基础上提出转基因生物技术知识产权共享制度的完善路径。

The development of genetically modifi ed organisms has promoted the sharing of intellectual property rights in genetically modified organisms. The reason why it can adapt to the development needs of genetically modified organisms is that it responds to the inherent mechanism of the increased competitiveness of genetically modifi ed organisms and the reduction of social operating costs. However, due to the weakening of intellectual property rights sharing in the traditional intellectual property rights protection system, the sharing of the intellectual property rights of genetically modified organism technology has been muddled in real practice and theoretical research, which has restricted its function of optimizing social knowledge resources. From the point of view of interest measurement, the system of intellectual property rights sharing of genetically modifi ed organisms should uphold the principle of balance of interests and fairness and justice, and refl ect on the status quo from the perspective of the structure of interests. Based on this, it proposes a comprehensive approach to the sharing system of genetically modifi ed organisms＇ intellectual property.