恶性肿瘤患儿诱导化疗期的症状群研究

Symptom clusters during induction chemotherapy in children with malignant tumor

目的:分析诱导化疗期恶性肿瘤患儿症状、症状群特点。方法:采用中文版儿童记忆症状评估量表评估238名新诊断并接受诱导化疗的患儿症状,利用探索性因子分析法获得症状群。结果:患儿年龄(6.40±3.63)岁,男孩为主(60.9%)。诱导期患儿的主要症状为缺乏体力、紧张、没有食欲、恶心、急躁易怒、呕吐。探索因子分析得出消化道症状群、躁动情绪症状群、抑郁情绪症状群、形象受损症状群、神经系统症状群、皮肤黏膜症状群和摄入排泄症状群7个症状群。结论:恶性肿瘤患儿诱导化疗期间症状困扰多而严重,症状群形态多样。医护人员应及时评估症状,根据症状群形态特点干预主要或关键症状,以缓解患儿症状困扰。

Objective： To explore symptoms and symptom clusters during induction chemotherapy of children with malignant tumor. Methods： A total of 238 children with malignant tumor were assessed by the Chinese Version of Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale10-18（MSAS 10-18）, and exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the symptom clusters. Results： The average age of 238 children was（6.40±3.63）, and 60.9% were boys. The main symptoms during induction chemotherapy included lack of energy, nervous, lack of appetite, nausea, irritable, and vomiting. Seven symptom clusters were upper gastrointestinal symptom cluster, irritable mood symptom cluster, depressive mood cluster, image impaired symptom cluster, nervous symptom cluster, skin and mucosa symptom cluster, and ingestion and excretion symptom cluster. Conclusion： Children suffered from multiple serious symptoms during induction chemotherapy, and the symptom clusters were various. Health care professionals should assess the symptoms timely, and control the main or key symptoms to relieve symptom distress of patients.