《黄帝内经》目诊理论探析

Explore and Analyse Eye Diagnosis Theory in “the Canon of Internal Medicine”

[目的]探析《黄帝内经》目诊理论的具体内容和临床价值。[方法]通过整理《黄帝内经》中有关"目"的原文,结合后世医家的看法和注解,联系相关中医基础理论与现代医学见解,对《黄帝内经》目诊理论的学术观点进行系统总结。[结果]《黄帝内经》主要从肝、肾、心三方面全面系统地阐述了目诊的生理基础,即目为肝之窍、肾之主、心之外窍;指出目诊的具体内容为通过望目的神、色、形、态来诊察疾病;认为目诊的临床价值主要包括判断疾病的性质、部位、程度,以及推测疾病的传变趋势等。[结论]《黄帝内经》目诊理论有助于指导推断眼病的病性、病位、病机、病程,对眼病的诊治和预后有重要价值,为中医诊法中的关键内容,至今仍然具有借鉴意义。

[Objective]The article explores and analyses eye diagnosis theory in＂the Canon of Internal Medicine＂to illustrate its concrete content and clinical value. [Methods]By finishing the clauses about eye in ＂the Canon of Internal Medicine＂,combining with later physicians＇ perspectives and annotations,connecting with related Chinese medical theory of foundations and modern medical opinions to systematically summarize academic views of eye diagnosis.[Results]＂The Canon of Internal Medicine＂expounds eye diagnosis physiological basis from three aspects,that is the hole of liver,the decision of kidney and the external hole of heart.It also points out that eye diagnosis diagnoses diseases nature,location,extent and predicts trend by observing the eyes expression,color,shape and state.[Conclusion]Eye diagnosis theory in＂the Canon of Internal Medicine＂contributes to deduce eye diseases nature,location,biology,extent.It is key content in diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine and of value to guide eye diseases diagnosis and prognosis,having reference significance for the present.