气吸式育苗穴盘自动摆放机的设计与试验

Design and Test of Automatic Machine for Placing Seed Trays

工厂化育苗中广泛使用育苗穴盘,播种前育苗穴盘的摆放工作枯燥费时、劳动强度大。为实现育苗穴盘的自动摆放,设计了一种气吸式育苗穴盘自动摆放机,使用真空吸盘吸取育苗穴盘。同时,设计了真空取盘装置、运动装置和控制系统,并试制了样机。试验表明:真空泵供电电压、吸盘座缓冲弹簧、吸盘间距3个因素对摆放成功率的影响均不显著。在ZQ370-02PM真空泵供电电压(18.0±0.05)V的条件下,使用4个9mm三层风琴型真空吸盘,摆放500次,摆放成功率为99.6%。气吸方法可实现50穴育苗穴盘的自动摆放。

Transplant production is an important part of agriculture.The work of placing seed trays is tedious and time-consuming,and it is repetitive.It is necessary to realize its mechanization and automation.Low-cost plastic seed trays with 50 holes are widely used in China.An automatic machine was designed.The vacuum picking device,the moving device and the control system of the machine was designed,respectively.The prototype of the automatic machine for placing seed trays using suction cups was produced.When using four 9 mm three floor organ type suction cups,the voltage,the springs and the distance of suction cups do not affect the success rate,according to the orthogonal test.When using four 9 mm three floor organ type suction cups,with the voltage of 18.0 ± 0.05 V,placing 500 times,the success rate is99.6%.Seed trays with 50 holes could be placed automatically with this machine.