拖拉机控制系统液压驱动与电力驱动性能分析

Performance Analysis on the Control System of the Tractor between the Hydraulic Drive and the Electric Drive

拖拉机作为我国农业的主力装备之一,其控制系统的改进与发展对于农业机械的创新有一定的促进作用。为有效提高农用拖拉机控制系统的精确性与稳定性,从传统的液压驱动与新兴的电力驱动原理及拖拉机整机机构组成出发,通过着重分析两者在转向驱动控制系统中所起到的关键作用及产生的牵引、转向及控制的理论效能,深入研究和理解控制系统在实际作业过程中各个环节的控制与驱动要点,并加入核心控制算法进行试验对比及优化。结果表明:液压驱动与电力驱动作用于拖拉机控制系统的效果有所差异,电力驱动较液压驱动控制效能高约60%以上;将液压驱动与电力控制互相搭配协调融合,可以较好实现驱动控制系统各部件间跟随性强的动力传递与精准控制,控制效能可在原来基础上提高约50%以上。

As one of the main equipment of agriculture in our country,the improvement and development of the control system of the tractor has an important promotion on the innovation of the agricultural machinery.In order to improve the accuracy and stability of control system of agricultural tractors effectively,and starting from the traditional hydraulic drive,the new electric drive principle and the whole mechanism of tractor,the control and drive points of the control system are deeply studied and understood in the actual operation process,and the core control algorithm is added to test,compare and optimize through that the key role played in the theoretical efficiency of the traction,steering and control is analyzed emphatically in the steering drive control system.The results show that the effect on the tractor control system between the hydraulic drive and the electric drive is different,and the control efficiency of electric drive is higher than that of hydraulic drive by more than 60%; mutual collocation and coordination of the integration of hydraulic drive and electric control,the strong power transmission of each component of the driving control system and precise control can be achieved better,then the efficiency can be increased above 50% in the original basis; and the analysis and combination of this performance would be of some value to the tractor and other similar agricultural machinery equipment.