面向斑海豹生存环境的大连海上机场平面位置优化

Layout scheme optimization of Dalian offshore airport for spotted seal environment

为评估不同机场位置对斑海豹栖息环境的影响,调查了工程水域的斑海豹种群数量,根据斑海豹在空气中和水下对声音的接收特性,分析机场人工岛建设及营运噪声对斑海豹的潜在影响.结果表明,大连海上机场在建设和营运期间产生的空气噪声及水下噪声对斑海豹均会产生一定的影响;在推荐的两个选址方案中,方案一对斑海豹的影响相对较小.因此,为最大限度地保护斑海豹的生存环境,应选择方案一,即在距斑海豹栖息地蚂蚁岛更远的海域建设机场.

In order to estimate the impact on spotted seals environment from different layout schemes of the offshore airport,the population of spotted seals in the project water was investigated during airport artificial island construction and operation,and the potential interference of the noise to spotted seals was analyzed according to the sound reception characteristics both in air and under water. Results show that there is certain impact derived from air and water noise on spotted seals during the construction and operation of Dalian offshore airport. In the two recommended layout schemes,the first layout scheme has a relatively smaller impact on spotted seals. Therefore,the first layout scheme should be chosen to protect the living environment of spotted seals,the sea area of airport construction has to be far from the Mayi island habitat of spotted seals.