干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的研究进展

Research progress of stem cell transplantation for treatment of Spinal cord injury

脊髓损伤(spine cord injury,SCI)是临床上常见的一种中枢神经系统疾病。此病患者的主要临床表现为由脊柱创伤导致的损伤平面下的运动感觉功能受损。根据脊髓损伤的病理过程可将其分为原发性脊髓损伤和继发性脊髓损伤。继发性神经元大量死亡是导致脊髓损伤难以治愈的重要原因。目前临床上主要采用手术减压、药物治疗、自体外周神经移植等多种方法对脊髓损伤患者进行综合治疗,但效果不够理想。有动物实验表明,对脊髓损伤动物模型进行干细胞移植治疗可为其受损的脊髓补充神经元或分化细胞,促进其体内具有修复功能的神经因子的分泌和神经传导通路的再生,从而可有效地促进其受损脊髓组织的修复。目前,用干细胞移植疗法治疗脊髓损伤已成为国内外学者研究的热点。

Spinal cord injury（SCI） is a common central nervous system disorder with impaired motor sensory function under the trauma-induced plaque. Pathological processes of spinal cord injury include primary injury and secondary injury. A large number of secondary neuronal death chain is an important cause of spinal cord injury difficult to treat. Currently therapy is comprehensive treatment of surgical decompression, drug treatment, autologous peripheral nerve transplantation and other methods, however, the effect is limited. Transplantation with stem cells has been shown to promote the repair of damaged spinal cord tissue in animal models with the advantage of replenishing neurons or their differentiated cells for injured spinal cord, secreting neurogenic factors that facilitate repair, and promoting regeneration of the transduction pathways. At present, stem cell transplantation has become a hot spot at home and abroad.