山东省成年居民业余锻炼及静态行为和睡眠时间及其与高血压和糖尿病患病关系

Leisure-time exercise,sedentary behavior and sleeping time and their relationships with hypertension and diabetes among adult residents in Shandong province

目的了解山东省成年居民业余锻炼及静态行为和睡眠时间现状及其与高血压和糖尿病患病的关系,为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据。方法于2013年9月采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法在山东省19个慢性病及其危险因素监测点抽取11 214名成年居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。结果山东省成年居民业余锻炼率为19.8%,平均静态行为时间为(4.59±2.41)h/d,平均睡眠时间为(7.63±1.32)h/d;业余锻炼、非业余锻炼成年居民高血压和糖尿病患病率分别为29.0%和9.6%、30.3%和9.0%,是否业余锻炼成年居民高血压和糖尿病患病率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);静态行为时间<2 h/d、2 h/d~、3 h/d~、≥4 h/d成年居民高血压和糖尿病患病率分别为32.3%和8.5%、32.6%和8.3%、31.9%和9.1%、28.7%和9.4%,不同静态行为时间成年居民高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.528,P=0.001),糖尿病患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);睡眠行为时间<7 h/d、7~8 h/d、>8 h/d成年居民高血压和糖尿病患病率分别为37.7%和11.3%、28.0%和8.4%、31.0%和9.9%,不同睡眠行为时间成年居民高血压和糖尿病患病率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论山东省成年居民业余锻炼率较低,静态行为时间较长,睡眠行为有待改善;静态行为和睡眠行为时间与高血压患病有关,睡眠行为时间与糖尿病患病有关。

Objective To examine current statuses of leisure-time exercise, sedentary and sleeping time and associations of the statuses with the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among adult residents in Shandong province and to provide evidences for developing relevant intervention measures. Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory detection among 11 214 residents aged 18 years or older and selected with multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling at 19 sites of National Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance in Shandong province in September 2013. Results Among the participants, 19.8% reported having leisure-time exercise and the reported average sedentary and sleeping time were 4.59 ± 2.41 and 7.63 ± 1.32 hours/per day. The prevalence rate of hypertension and diabetes was 29.0% and 9.6% among the participants having leisure-time exercise and the rate was 30.3% and 9.0% among the participants not having leisure-time exercise, respectively, without significant differences in the rates between the two groups of the participants （P 〉 0.05）. Among the participants reporting the sedentary time of 〈 2, 2 - 2.9, 3 - 3.9, and ≥ 4 hours per day, the prevalence rate of hypertension was 32.3%, 32.6%, 31.9%, and 28.7% and the prevalence rate of diabetes was 8.5%, 8.3%, 9.1%, and 9.4%, respectively, with a significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension （Z2 = 15.528, P = 0.001） but not in the prevalence rate of diabetes （P 〉 0.05） between the participants with different sedentary time. For the participants reporting the sleeping time of 〈 7, 7 - 8, and 〉 8 hours per day, the prevalence rate of hypertension was 37.7%, 28.0%, and 31.0% and the prevalence rate of diabetes was 11.3%, 8.4%, and 9.9%, respectively, with significant differences in both the prevalence rate of hypertension and diabetes among the participants with different sleeping time （P 〈 0.001 for all）. Conclusion Among adult residents in Shandong province, the prevalence rate of leisure-time exercise is low, the sedentary time is long, and the sleeping time needs to be improved; the sedentary and sleeping time are correlated with the prevalence of hypertension and the sleeping time is correlated with the prevalence of diabetes.