基于承压施压耦合曲线的城市土地承载力评价——以浙江省32个城市为例

Applying supporting-pressuring coupling curve to the evaluation of urban land carrying capacity:The case study of 32 cities in Zhejiang province

开展土地承载力研究是一项摸清"家底"的基础性工作,有助于土地资源的合理利用与科学保护。土地承载力测度的视角分为绝对性和相对性两种,从相对性视角出发,在分析土地承载力系统中承压方与施压方耦合关系的基础上,将土地承载力定义为承压方所能支撑施压方的限度,并分别构建"承压"类指标和"施压"类指标,通过承压指数与施压指数的比值得到土地承载力指数,进而借助承压施压耦合曲线探讨土地承载力分区标准,并依此评价体系对浙江省32个城市的土地承载力状况进行了实证分析。结果表明:(1)2014年,浙江省绝大多数城市的承压能力强于施压能力,土地承载力状况总体较好,其中,地级市(市本级)的承压指数和施压指数总体上高于县级市,但前者整体的土地承载力指数值低于后者;(2)32个城市中有29个属超载区,其余3个属盈余区,其中,11个地级市中包括1个超载高值区(杭州市本级)、1个盈余高值区(湖州市本级)和9个盈余低值区,21个县级市中包括2个超载低值区(乐清市和龙泉市)和19个盈余低值区,并在分析具体原因的基础上,针对不同土地承载力的类型区提出相应对策建议。

The study of land carrying capacity （LCC） builds the groundwork for specifying fundamental information on land resources, which is conducive to promoting the reasonable utilization and protection of land resources. The measurement of LCC can be divided into two aspects： in an absolute way or in a relative way. From the relative aspect, on the basis of analyzing the coupling relationship between the supporting side and the pressuring side in the system of LCC, this paper defines the LCC as the limitation of pressuring side sustaining supporting side, and builds the indicators of supporting and pressuring types separately to describe the LCC. Based on LCC index, supporting index divided by pressuring index, the zoning criterion of LCC can be deduced by the supporting-pressuring coupling curve. Finally, according to the analysis system mentioned above, 32 cities in Zhejiang are analyzed as a case. The results indicate that： （1） For most cities, the pressured capacity is stronger than the pressuring capacity in 2014, so the overall capacity of LCC in Zhejiang is good. Among them, the supporting index and pressuring index of the prefecture-level cities are much higher than those of the county-level cities, but the LCC ratio of the former is much lower than the latter＇s. （2） In terms of zoning type, 29 out of 32 cities belong to the overloaded zones while the remaining three belong to the surplus zones. Among the 11 prefecture-level cities, only one is highly overloaded area （Hangzhou）, one is high surplus area （Huzhou）, and nine cities are low surplus area. Two out of 21 county-level cities are lowly overloaded areas （Yueqing and Longquan） and the rest are low surplus areas. By analyzing the specific reasons, some corresponding policies can be put forward according to different LCC zoning types.