大当量地下浅埋爆炸真空室模拟相似材料研究

Similar materials for vacuum chamber model test under large scale throw blasting

基于大当量地下浅埋爆炸效应真空室模型试验方法,给出了模拟材料关键物理参数的相似条件和制备要求。首次采用旋转剪切技术测得粒径范围为0.3~0.6 mm石英砂的主要物理性能参数,研究剪切强度参数与粒径和湿度的变化规律,并对它们在大规模抛掷爆炸真空室模型试验中的适用性进行讨论。研究结果表明,毫米级粒径的石英砂可作为爆炸规模为0.1~100 kt地下爆炸真空室模拟试验的相似材料,石英砂的剪切强度参数变化规律满足考虑重力影响的大当量浅埋爆炸的相似条件,表现出对模型试验研究宽广的适用性。相似材料的相关物理参数可为大当量地下浅埋爆炸真空室模型试验和数值计算提供重要参考和依据。

Based on the methods of physical modeling of large-scale excavation explosions in the vacuum chamber,the similarity conditions for the experimental material parameters are given. By use of shear cell module of the FT4 multifunctional powder flow tester,the main physical parameters of the quartz sands with particle sizes from 0.3 to 0.6 mm have successfully gained for the first time,and the relationships between the shear resistance and particle size,moisture（glycerin） content for the quartz sand are presented. The applicability in the laboratory model of large-scale throw blasting was also discussed. The results show that,the characteristic grain sizes range from 0.3 to 0.6 mm for the experimental materials could be used as the simulation material of the large-scale underground explosions with the equivalent of 0.1–100 kt TNT. The material parameters for the shear strength of quartz sands are well satisfied the similarity conditions of large scale excavation explosions considering the effect of gravity,and suggested wide applicability to the model test. The material parameters can provide important reference and basis for the experimental simulation and numerical calculation of large scale throw blasting.