基于价值链的国内航空公司竞争力评价研究

Domestic Airlines Competitiveness Evaluation Based on Value Chain

为探索国内航空公司竞争力现状,揭示影响航空公司综合竞争力的因素,本文以价值链为理论基础,建立航空公司竞争力评价指标体系,运用灰色关联法,对国内四家航空公司竞争力进行实证分析。研究发现,中国南方航空股份有限公司综合竞争力最强,各航空公司在基础活动各环节呈不平衡的发展状态,其中一些短板显著削弱了其整体竞争力,而辅助活动价值环节排名与综合排名完全一致,证实了辅助活动虽然不直接为企业创造价值,但却是影响企业综合竞争力的关键环节。因此航空公司在改善基础活动各环节不均衡状态的同时,应该重视对辅助活动能力的培育。

To explore the competitive position of the domestic airlines and reveal the influential factors of comprehensive competitiveness of airlines,this paper builds the index system of the airlines competitiveness evaluation based on the value chain to analyse the domestic airlines＇ competitiveness by the use of gray correlation method.Study finds that China Southern airlines competition ability is the strongest,each airline shows unbalanced development in the primary activities of value chain,some shortcomings in the basic activities significantly weaken airlines＇ comprehensive competitiveness,and the rankings of ancillary activities are completely consistent with the overall rankings,confirming that ancillary activities is key factors that affects the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises although do not directly create value.Therefore when airlines are improving unbalanced development in the primary activities of value chain,it is more important to pay attention to the development of support activities for airlines.