考虑客流动态变化的地铁车站售检票设施排队模型

Queuing Model of Automatic Fare Collection System in Subway Station with Consideration of Dynamic Passenger Flow

最大限度的模拟地铁车站客流规律,优化车站售检票设施数目,对地铁车站的建设和运营有极为重要的意义。之前的研究中,通常只考虑到高峰小时的客流的平均到达率,而实际情况下,客流在不同时段的到达率往往相差极大。本文将客流的动态变化抽象为Markov随机环境,由此建立随机环境下的排队模型;并对模型的相关参数进行标定,确立最终的排队模型及其性能指标。研究结果表明：考虑客流动态变化的地铁车站售检票设施排队模型相比于普通的稳态模型,能够反映出不同时段客流到达率的变化对车站售检票设施排队情况的影响,进而更加客观真实的反映车站售检票设施运行情况。

It is of great significance for the construction and operation of the subway station to simulate the passenger flow reaching regulation of the subway station and optimize the number of Automatic Fare Collection System.In the previous studies,the average arrival rate of passenger flow at peak hours was usually considered only,but in real cases,the arrival rate of passenger flow in different periods varied greatly with time.In this paper,the dynamic change of passenger flow is abstracted as a Markov random environment,and a queuing model in random environment is established.After that,the relevant parameters of the model are calibrated,and the final queuing model and its performance index are established.The results show that comparing with ordinary steady-state model,the Queuing Model with consideration of dynamic passenger flow can reflect the different passenger queues with the different arrival rates of periods for AFC in subway station,which can reflect the operation of AFC for subway station objectively.