张大千《三贤图》考

Research on the Painting Three Sages of Zhang Daqian

2017年9月,无锡杨氏家族后裔向无锡博物院捐赠了一批家族资料,主要为晚清民初杨仁山先生的遗著、手稿、信件、老照片等。其中,张大千所绘《三贤图》尤其引人注目。画中三贤,除无锡杨仁山外,另两位分别是晚清民初著名文化人、书画家曾熙和李瑞清。这批资料此前都深藏于杨家,并被家族后人远携至美国,国内研究者鲜有机会获睹。本文从张大千《三贤图》入手,在考订画中人物及其关系、分析画作艺术特点以外,同时拟解决两个问题:一、简单描画以杨仁山、曾熙、李瑞清为代表的中国传统文化人在晚清民初这一特定历史时期的生活侧面,从而丰富和拓展近现代文化史研究的相关内容;二、厘清杨仁山与曾熙、李瑞清的交游情况,为近现代艺术史研究提供有益的补充。

In September 2017, descendants of the Yang family of Wuxi donated a batch of materials to the Wuxi Museum, most of which were manuscripts, letters and photos of Mr. Yang Renshan in the late Qing dynasty. Among them, the painting Three Sages[三贤图] by Zhang Daqian was a highlight. Besides Yang Renshan, the other two characters in the painting were Zeng Xi and Li Ruiqing, two famous literati, calligraphers and painters in the late Qing dynasty. Those materials had been collected by the Yang family and carried to the United States, and the domestic scholars had rarely a chance to see them. Based on Three Sages, this article studies the relations between the three characters and the artistic features of the painting. The author makes a brief description of the life of Chinese traditional literati in the late Qing dynasty and early Republican China period, clarifies the socialization activities of Yang Renshan, Zeng Xi and Li Ruiqing and tries to provide evidence for the study of modern art history.