海南垦区橡胶树超低频六天一刀割制研究

Study on Ultra-low Frequency Tapping System of Rubber Trees in Hainan Planting Area

介绍海南垦区橡胶树实行六天一刀(d/6割制)超低频割制试验情况,将其采胶结果与四天一刀(d/4割制)对比。结果表明:橡胶树所涂乙烯利(ET)质量分数在d/4割制对照区的基础上增大0.005,d/6割制处理区株干胶产量为2.1 kg,达到对照区株干胶产量3.4 kg的61.8%,干胶净增产率为-6.3%,实际增产率为-5.1%,净增产量为-20.7 t;d/6割制劳动生产率比d/4割制提高37.5%,每割次株干胶产量提高6.8%,割胶刀数减少42.1%,胶乳干胶质量分数提高0.009 9,树皮耗用量减小27.6%,死皮率减小0.21%,达到"三高,三少"的良好效果;采用d/6割制有利于橡胶树养分的积累和胶乳的再生,延长橡胶树的经济寿命,提高劳动生产率,解决劳动用工荒问题,降低生产成本。

This paper introduced the ultra-low frequency six-day tapping system（d/6） of rubber trees in Hainan planting area,and compared its productivity with that of four-day tapping system（d/4）. The results showed that,compared with four-day tapping system,the mass fraction of ethephon（ET） for rubber trees increased by 0. 005 for six-day tapping system,and the average yield of dry rubber（abbreviated as yield） was 2. 1 kg per rubber tree which was 61. 8% of the yield of four-day tapping system,3. 4 kg. It was found that the net increase rate of the dry rubber was -6. 3%,the actual increase rate was-5. 1%,and the net increase of yield was-20. 7 t. Compared with the four-day tapping system,the labor productivity of six-day tapping system increased by 37. 5%,the yield per tapping increased by 6. 8%,the number of cuts was reduced by 42. 1%,the mass fraction of dry rubber in the latex increased by 0. 009 9,the bark consumption decreased by 27. 6%,and the dead skin rate was reduced by 0. 21%,which demonstrated that the six-day tapping system provided good tapping outcome of ＂three highs,and three lows＂. With the six-day tapping system,the accumulation of rubber tree nutrients and the regeneration of rubber latex were improved,the economic lifespan of rubber tree was prolonged,the labor productivity was increased,and problem of labor shortage was alleviated,and the production cost was reduced.