基于制造特性的马达轴孔装配有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Motor Shaft Assembly Based on Manufacturing Characteristics

基于Pro/E逆向工程技术构建了实际马达轴孔装配体的三维模型,以Abaqus仿真软件为平台,建立了考虑制造特性的有限元仿真模型,开展了关键零部件制造特性对整个装配体力学特性的影响研究。对比了存在制造误差和无制造误差情况下的接触面应力分布及马达轴质心偏移,结果表明制造误差对马达轴孔装配精度和马达质心位置有显著影响且不容忽视。分析了螺钉装配力水平、拧紧顺序及大小和分布状态对马达轴质心偏移的影响规律,得出了几何结构刚度是影响响质心偏移的决定性因素,并依据其余方向的质心偏移确定了合适的螺钉拧紧顺序和预紧力优化方法,为提高装配精度和控制马达质心位置的装配工艺优化方法提供参考依据,保证了精密马达系统运行的可靠性和稳定性。

The 3D assembly model of the actual motor shaft and hole is constructed with reverse engineering based on Pro/E technology. Finite element model, considering the manufacturing characteristics, is established with Abaqus, and the influence of the manufacturing characteristics of key components on the mechanical properties of the whole assembly is studied. The stress distribution of the contact surface and the centroid deviation of the motor shaft are analyzed in the case of manufacturing errors, and compared with the case without manufacturing errors. The results indicate that the manufactur- ing errors have significant influence on the assembly accuracy of the motor shaft and the centroid position of the motor, and should not be neglected. Besides, the influence of screw force level, tightening sequence, size and distribution state of the bolt load on the eentroid deviation of motor shaft was analyzed. It is concluded that the structural stiffness is the main factor that affecting the centroid deviation of Z-direction, and the tightening sequence, preload optimization ideas are determined. The research results of this paper can provide reference for improving assembly accuracy and optimizing the assembly process of motor, and the operational reliability and stability of the precision motor system are guaranteed.