基于航天应用焦距可调镜组装配应力优化

Optimization of Assembly Stress Distribution Based on Focal Length Adjustable Mirror for Aerospace Applications

研究了一种航天用可手动调节焦距瞄准镜的设计和装配过程。针对航天产品可靠性要求高、环境条件恶劣、外界应力条件复杂的特殊情况,从保证高安装精度(光轴对三处基准面平行度误差均小于10",Y、Z向安装精度高于±0.05mm)和光学性能的角度出发,对加工应力、装配应力、外界环境应力3种应力对产品性能的综合影响进行了深入探讨。得出3种应力对产品的影响方式和相互之间的关系,并结合有限元模拟进行分析与验证。再以分析结果为依据,从设计角度优化装配过程,得出应力最优的装配方式。并以同样的理论基础,设计了专用的镜组装配工装,以减小镜组装配调整时所带来的装配应力,得到了良好的光学成像效果。

The design and assembly process of a manually adjustable focal length sighting telescope for aerospace ap- plications are studied in this paper. Due to the special, harsh environmental conditions requirement of complicated aero- space products, and to ensure the high installation accuracy and optical performance （the optic axis degree of parallelism er- ror should be less than 10＂, the installation accuracy of Y, Z is lower than -0. 05mm）. The combined influence of machi- ning stress, erection stress, and external stress towards product performance are discussed in depth. The ways of the three stresses affect the product performance and the relationship between them are found out, and it is analyzed and verified combined with finite element simulation. Optimizing assembly process from the designing point of view, the best assembly mode method is obtained based on the research resuh. And on the strength of the same theoretical basis, a special mirror assembly tool is designed to reduce assembly stress caused by assembly adjustment. And good optical imaging results are obtained.