深圳市龙华区产妇孕前检查现况调查

Status of pre-pregnancy check among pregnant women in Shenzhen Longhua District

目的了解深圳市龙华区产妇孕前检查的现况及其影响因素,为提高育龄人群孕前检查率提供依据。方法采用面对面问卷调查方式对2016年3至11月期间在深圳市龙华区妇幼保健院或龙华区中心医院进行健康体检或免疫接种的6月龄以内婴儿的母亲进行调查。结果本次调查的852名深圳市龙华区产妇中,本次妊娠前进行孕前检查的有150人,孕前检查率为17.6%。单因素分析结果显示产妇年龄、产妇深圳居住时间、双方户籍、双方户口、双方文化程度、双方职业、家庭总月收入、产妇有无购买保险、婚姻状况、有无进行婚前检查、孕产史、计划妊娠、孕前是否了解家族遗传史、孕前有无接受健康教育培训与产妇孕前检查有关(χ~2=5.315~168.020,均P<0.05);经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示产妇伴侣文化程度(χ~2=8.734,P<0.05)、接受过婚前检查(χ~2=17.761,P<0.05)、计划妊娠(χ~2=95.739,P<0.05)、孕前了解家族遗传病史(χ~2=4.876,P<0.05)及孕前接受健康教育培训(χ~2=7.767,P<0.05)是产妇孕前检查的影响因素,OR值及其95%CI分别为1.517(1.151~1.999)、2.575(1.659~3.998)、8.273(5.418~12.632)、1.656(1.058~2.592)和24.824(2.594~237.605)。结论深圳市龙华区产妇孕前检查率较低,应针对育龄人群,开展生殖健康和计划生育的宣传及教育培训,增强其进行孕前检查的意识,保障育龄人群的生殖健康。

Objective To understand the status of pre-pregnancy check and its influencing factors among pregnant women in Shenzhen Longhua District so as to provide evidence for improving pre-pregnancy check rate.Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate mothers of 0-6 months old infants who had healthy physical examination or immunization in Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Longhua District or Longhua District Hospital Center during March to November in 2016.Results Among852 surveyed women in Loanghua District,there were 150 women accepting pre-pregnancy check before the latest pregnancy,and the rate of pre-pregnancy check among pregnant women in Shenzhen Longhua District was 17.6%.Univariate analysis showed that maternal age,maternal residential duration in Shenzhen,census register,registered residence,educational degree and profession of couple,family monthly income,insurance of couple,marital status,premarital examination,pregnancy and birth,planned pregnancy,familial inheritance history before pregnancy and education before pregnancy were correlated with pre-pregnancy check（χ^2 value ranged 5.315-168.020,all P〈0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that partner＇s education level（χ^2=8.734,P=0.003）,pre-marital examination（χ^2=17.761,P〈0.001）,planned pregnancy（χ^2=95.739,P〈0.001）,understanding of family inheritance history before pregnancy（χ^2=4.876,P=0.027）and pre-pregnancy health education and training（χ^2=7.767,P=0.005）were the influencing factors of pre-pregnancy check（OR value was 1.517,2.575,8.273,1.656 and 24.824,respectively;95%CI was 1.151-1.999,1.659-3.998,5.418-12.632,1.058-2.592 and 2.594-237.605,respectively）.Conclusion The rate of pre-pregnancy check among puerpera in Shenzhen Longhua District is low.Publicity and education training about reproductive health and family planning aiming at reproductive population should be strengthened,so that the consciousness of pre-pregnancy check will be enhanced and reproductive health of reproductive aged population will be protected.