单穴临床应用规律文献研究

Study on Clinical Application Regularity of Single Acupoint

目的探索单穴临床应用规律。方法电脑检索和手工查阅医学专著、中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库、实践指南中使用单穴的临床类文献,构建"单穴治疗病症数据库",采用文献计量学方法从病症类型、病症特征、腧穴归经、腧穴部位、腧穴属性5个方面分析单穴临床应用规律。结果最终获得符合纳入标准的医学专著6部,期刊论文185篇,实践指南4个。医学专著中单穴适用病症包括14个类别,342个病症;数据库论文中包括8个类别,33个病症;实践指南强推荐的针刺单穴治疗病症有腰痛、肩周炎、慢性便秘、原发性痛经4个。单穴主要治疗肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织病症、消化系统病症,症较多,病较少,多为急症、痛症,即刻效应较强;单穴应用多选用阳经腧穴;基本遵循远道取穴的原则,多取四肢远端的腧穴;多选用特定穴,以五输穴、交会穴最为多见,经外奇穴等经验用穴也较多见。结论单穴治疗在适用病症上具有"急症多,痛症多,治症多,治病少"的三多一少特点;在腧穴选取上具有"特定穴多、经验穴多、远部取穴多、局部取穴少"的三多一少特点。

Objective To explore the clinical application rules of single acupoint. Methods Computer-based search and manual examination was used to search clinical literature with single acupoint in medical monographs,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database,and practice guidelines,and the ＂single acupoint treatment of disease database＂was established. The bibliometrics was used to analyze the application rules of single acupoint from type of syndrome,characteristics of syndrome,channel tropism,location of acupoints,and properties of acupoints. Results Six monographs of medical sciences,185 journal articles,and4 practical guidelines were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. Medical monographs for single-point acupoints include 14 categories and 342 diseases and syndromes; database articles included 8 categories and 33 diseases and syndromes; practice guidelines strongly recommend acupuncture for single acupoint treatment of illness with low back pain,frozen shoulder,chronic constipation,and the primary dysmenorrhea. Single acupoint was mainly used to treat musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disorders,digestive system disorders,with more diseases,fewer diseases,and mostly acute disease and pain diseases with strong immediate effect; single acupoint application usually selected acupoints of Yang meridians,and it basically followed the principle of selecting acupoints from the distal extremities; and the specific acupoints are often selected,and the five shu acupoints and crossing acupoints are the most common. And the experience acupoints such as external points are also more common. Conclusion The single acupoint treatment has characteristics of ＂more acute diseases,more pain diseases,more treatment in syndromes and less treatment in diseases＂in terms of applicable conditions; there are characteristics of ＂many specific acupoints,multiple experience acupoints,and far acupoints on the selection of acupoints＂.