马铃薯挖掘阻力测试装置研究

Study on Traction Resistance Testing Device of Potato Digger

针对现有的马铃薯收获机械牵引阻力大、设计和安装不合理、燃油消耗大、生产效率低等问题,以固定式三角平面挖掘铲作为研究对象,设计了马铃薯挖掘阻力测试装置,进行田间试验,分析挖掘铲铲面倾角、铲刃斜角及前进速度对牵引阻力的影响,并以牵引阻力作为优化指标,得到较优的参数组合。研究结果表明:挖掘铲铲面倾角为16°~32°时,牵引阻力随着铲面倾角的逐渐增加而迅速增大;铲刃斜角为50°~55°时,牵引阻力较小;牵引阻力随着前进速度的增加而逐渐增大,趋势稳定且缓慢。同时,通过响应面试验进行参数优化得出:牵引阻力的最佳的工作参数组合为铲面倾角20°、铲刃斜角52.8°、前进速度0.8m/s。该研究可为马铃薯收获机挖掘装置设计、安装参数的选择和马铃薯收获机挖掘阻力的研究提供参考。

The existing potato harvest machinery has the problems of large traction resistance,design and installation is unreasonable,large fuel consumption and low production efficiency. In this paper,fixed triangular plane shovel is used as the research object,design the potato digging resistance test device for field experiment. The field experiment was carried out to analyze the influence of excavation shovel design,the installation parameters,the inclination angle of the shovel,blade angle and the advancing speed to the traction resistance. The traction resistance is used as the optimization index to obtain the better combination of parameters in this experiment. The research indicates that the traction resistance increases rapidly with the inclination angle increase of the shove when the inclination angle of shovel is 16 ° 32 °. The traction resistance is small when the blade angle at 50 ° 55 °. The traction resistance increases with the increase of the forward speed,and the growth trend is stable and slow. Through the response surface test to optimize the parameters,and draw the conclusion that the best working parameters combination of the traction resistance are inclination angle of the shovel is 20°,blade angle is 52. 8°and the forward speed is 0. 8 m/s. This study provides a reference for the design of potato harvester excavator design,selection of installation parameters and research on the resistance of potato harvester.