绵羊尾部脂肪沉积基因定位及细胞生物学机制研究进展

Research Progress on Genetic and Cellular Biological Mechanism of Tail Fat Deposition in Sheep

为适应不同环境,绵羊经过长期的适应性选择形成了尾型不同的品种。脂尾型绵羊尾部较高的脂肪沉积能力使其具有较好的抗逆性,但过多的尾脂沉积已不符合当今的育种需要。绵羊的脂尾和瘦尾是由环境和基因共同决定的复杂性状,而尾部脂肪沉积又与尾部脂肪组织中脂肪间充质干细胞的增殖与成脂分化相关。本文重点讨论可能决定绵羊尾部脂肪沉积的遗传机制及影响脂肪间充质干细胞生物活性的因素,对有关绵羊尾部脂肪沉积基因组学研究及脂肪沉积相关的细胞分化的调控机制进行综述,为脂尾型绵羊脂尾(脂臀)性状的改良奠定理论基础。

To adapt to the different environment, tail types of sheep are vary from fat to thin throughout the world since domesticated. The tail fat deposition is one of the obvious morphological changes to adapt to the hazardous environment. Fat-tailed sheep possess the ability to store large amounts of fat in the tail region which is not welcome by the market, so its need to be decreased by breeding ways. Tail fat accumulation is a complex phenotype, which is related to the activity of proliferation and adipogenic differentiation for adipose-derived stem cells（ADSCs）. To date, few investigations have taken into the inheritance of tail types of sheep, but little is known about this trait. The aim of this review was to discuss the genetic and cellular mechanism of fat deposition in sheep tail, to sum up the candidate genes effect tail fat deposition. Therefore, providing theoretical basis for reduction of tail fat deposition in fat-tailed sheep.