抑制前列腺癌的食药用菌醇提物的筛选及灵芝醇提物对癌细胞的抑制机理

Screening of mushroom ethanol extract inhibiting prostate cancer and cancer-inhibitory mechanism of Ganoderma lingzhi extract

比较了灰树花Grifola frondosa、巴氏蘑菇Agaricus blazei、猴头菌Hericium erinaceus、刺芹侧耳Pleurotus eryngii、毛头鬼伞Coprinus comatus、蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris、灵芝Ganoderma lingzhi、香菇Lentinula edodes、桑黄Sanghuangporus sanghuang和桦褐孔菌Inonotus obliquus 10种食用菌醇提物对前列腺癌LNCaP细胞增殖的影响,其中灵芝醇提物对LNCaP细胞增殖及5ɑ-还原酶活性具有良好的抑制效果,对LNCaP细胞释放PSA的抑制效果也好于其他食用菌。进一步研究灵芝醇提物对LNCaP细胞的抑制机理,结果表明,灵芝醇提物通过诱导细胞凋亡、使Caspase-3、Bax、P53活性升高,PARP、Bcl-2活性下降来实现对LNCap细胞的抑制作用。利用自噬抑制剂氯喹和自噬激活剂雷帕霉素观察细胞自噬在灵芝醇提物抗肿瘤过程中的作用,结果表明,体外激活细胞自噬对LNCaP细胞起到保护,从而减弱了灵芝醇提物的抗肿瘤作用。

The effect of ethanol extract on proliferation of prostate cancer cell LNCaP from ten mushrooms, Grifola frondosa,Agaricus blazei, Hericium erinaceus, Pleurotus eryngii, Coprinus comatus, Cordyceps militaris, Ganoderma lingzhi, Lentinula edodes, Sanghuangporus sanghuang and Inonotus obliquus, were evaluated. Ethanol extract from G. lingzhi showed the highest inhibition effect on proliferation of LNCaP cells and activity of 5α-reductase as well as prostate specific antigen（PSA） released by LNCaP. It was revealed that G. lingzhi ethanol extract induced cell apoptosis, increased the activities of Caspase-3, Bax and P53, and decreased the activities of PARP and Bcl-2. Autophagy inhibitor chloroquine and autophagy activator rapamycin were used to observe the role of autophagy on the antitumor effect of ethanol extract of G. lingzhi. The results indicated that autophagy weakened the antitumor effect of G. lingzhi ethanol extract through stimulating cell autophagy protection in LNCaP cells in vitro.