重型颅脑损伤患者深静脉血栓预防策略研究

Study on prevention strategy of deep venous thrombosis in severe craniocerebral injury patients

目的探讨集束化护理对神经外科重型颅脑损伤患者深静脉血栓的预防作用,提高患者的生活质量。方法 220例重型颅脑损伤患者,随机分成实验组和对照组,各110例。实验组采用集束化护理干预手段,对照组采用常规护理手段,比较分析两组下肢深静脉血栓和肺栓塞的发生情况、护理效满意度和临床疗效。结果实验组总有效率为100.0%高于对照组的92.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组下肢静脉血栓发生率为9.1%、肺栓塞发生率为2.7%,均低于对照组的18.2%、10.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组护理满意率为95.5%高于对照组的83.6%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重型颅脑损伤深静脉血栓发病率高,通过集束化护理能够有效降低其发生率,提高患者的生活质量,适合在临床上广泛推广和应用。

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of clustering nursing on deep venous thrombosis in patients with severe craniocerebral injury in neurosurgery, so as to improve the quality of life of patients. Methods A total of 220 patients with severe craniocerebral injury were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 110 cases in each group. The experimental group received cluster nursing intervention, and the control group received conventional nursing. Comparison and analysis were made on lower extremity deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, nursing satisfaction and clinical efficacy between the two groups. Results The experimental group had higher total effective rate as 100.0% than 92.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The experimental group had lower incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis as 9.1% and incidence of pulmonary embolism as 2.7% than 18.2% and 10.0% in the control group, and their difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The experimental group had higher nursing satisfaction rate than as 95.5% than 83.6% in control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of deep venous thrombosis in severe craniocerebral injury is high. Cluster nursing can effectively reduce its incidence and improve the quality of life of the patients. It is suitable for extensive popularization and application in clinical practice.