波士顿蕨^60Co-γ射线辐射育种研究

Radiation Breeding of Boston Fern via ^(60)Co-γ Rays

以波士顿蕨(Nephrolepis exaltata‘Bostoniensis Murano’)的绿色球状体(Green Globular Bodies,GGB)为辐照材料,采用不同剂量的^(60)Co-γ射线处理,结合组织培养技术进行育种研究。结果表明:绿色球状体辐照半致死剂量约为128 Gy。随着辐照剂量的增加,绿色球状体的增殖和分化受到抑制。绿色球状体辐射表型损伤表现为:颜色变深,变紧实,增殖和分化受抑制;细胞学损伤表现为:胚性细胞减少,出现微核。50~200 Gy剂量下,随着辐照剂量的增加,绿色球状体分化植株变矮,叶形变异率增加。在150 Gy剂量下筛选得到叶片变异性状显著的突变体Neg1。

Through the combination of tissue culture and radiation mutation,radiation breeding of Boston fern（Nephrolepis exaltata‘Bostoniensis Murano＇）was investigated by using green globular bodies（GGB）as materials radiated by various dose of ^60Co-γ rays. The results showed that the LD50 of GGB was about 128 Gy. With increasing dose of ^60Co-γ rays,the multiplication and differentiation of Boston fern GGB were depressed. Morphology damage of Boston fern GGB radiated by ^60Co-γ rays included darken color,increased density and the depression of multiplication and differentiation,and cellular damage included reduction of embryonic cell and initiation of cellular micronucleus. At 50–200 Gy,with increasing dose of ^60Co-γ rays,the height of Boston fern plants differentiated from GGB became dwarf,and leaf mutation rate increased. Moreover,leaf mutant Neg1 was obtained at 150 Gy.