南京市主城区苔藓植物多样性及其与环境的关系

Diversity of bryophytes in urban area of Nanjing,China

苔藓植物是结构特殊的高等植物,种类数量仅次于被子植物,具有独特的观赏价值,应用前景广阔.为了更好地利用苔藓植物进行园林造景,本研究对南京市主城区10个绿地样点77个样地的苔藓植物进行了调查.结果表明:共记录苔藓植物21科36属55种,其中丛藓科、羽藓科等苔藓种类在调查区域内分布广泛.苔藓种类丰富度由城中心向周围逐渐降低.根据苔藓植物多样性的聚类分析可将10个绿地样点分为3组,与园林生境、人为干扰频度、面积等因素有关.典范对应分析(CCA)表明,郁闭度、湿度和基质类型是影响苔藓植物分布的主要环境因子.南京市多数苔藓植物喜欢生长在湿度适中、较为开阔的区域.

Bryophytes are morphologically special higher plants,with unique ornamental values and a wide application prospect. Its species richness was just secondary to angiosperms. To more effectively utilize bryophytes for greening and landscape construction,77 plots in 10 green spaces were investigated in urban area of Nanjing. 55 species belonging to 36 genera and 21 families were recorded,among which Pottiaceae and Thuidiaceae were widely distributed. The species richness in green space gradually reduced from the center to the surrounding areas of the city. The 10 green spaces could be clustered into three groups based on bryophyte diversity,habitats,human disturbance frequency,green space areas. Results from Canonical correspondence analysis（ CCA）showed that canopy density,humidity,and substrate types were the major environmental factors the distribution of bryophytes. In Nanjing,most bryophytes preferred to grow in moderate humidity and open areas.