医疗风险观念的文化浅析及其对医患沟通的启示

A cultural analysis of medical risk perception and its inspiration for physician-patient communication

研究表明,在东西方都存在大量的医疗纠纷,但其严重程度有着明显的差异。西医,作为登录中国最早的科学技术之一,给中国带来了强烈的文化碰撞,这也许是医疗纠纷席卷东方多年的原因。本文因此以医疗纠纷为出发点,探讨东西方文化价值观的显著差异。本文从风险观念的来源出发,比较了中西医界对医疗风险概念的分歧,分析了医疗的两面性,以求对医学有深刻本质的理解,从全球角度提出医疗纠纷的观点。因此我们需要专门为医生和患者建立一个讨论问题、辩论矛盾和解释原因的网络社区。随后新的医生和患者将会学习如何相处的经验,这样他们在见面前就可以了解对方。这个想法的灵感来自IBCT,即整合行为的夫妇疗法,如果我们能放弃改变别人的念头,理想的行为似乎是自然发生的,从而建立一个更亲密的和令人满意的关系。类似于暴露疗法:双方提前对后续冲突脱敏,所以一旦矛盾发生,它可能成为一个策略性的、可协商的问题而避免过多第三方的介入。

Many researches show that whether in the east or west there are numerous medical disputes, but the severity is very different. Western medicine, as one of the earliest scientific technology that logged in China, brought the violent collision of east and west cultures, which may give the reason why the medical dispute has widely swept over the east land for years. This article, with the medical dispute as the starting point, discussed the remarkable different cultural values between the east and west. Based on the source of risk perception, this article compared Chinese and western divergence in the perception of medical risk and analyzed the two sides of the medical treatment in order to obtain the deep understanding of the medical essence, and offered a view on medical dispute from a global perspective. We need to establish a webcommunity especially for doctors and patients to talk about problems, debate contradiction and explain why. The following new patients and doctors will learn experiences on how to get along, thus they may know each other before meeting. This idea is inspired by IBCT, that is, the integrative behavioral couple therapy. If we can give up wishes to change the others, the ideal behavior seems to occur naturally, so as to establish a more intimate and satisfactory relationship. It is similar to exposure therapy： both sides are allowed to be desensitized to subsequent conflict, so once it happens, it’s a negotiable issue with more acquired strategies and less third party intervention.