研发项目中“团队-产品-功能”多领域集成与组织聚类研究

Multi-domain integration of team-product-function and organization clustering in product development project

研发项目是由产品、功能、组织和流程等多个领域中元素之间相互联系构成的复杂网络.为了便于同时分析三个领域元素之间存在的相互依赖关系,本文引入扩展的域映射矩阵EDMM分析“团队-产品-功能”之间的依赖关系,进一步,通过“扩展的多领域矩阵”（EMDM）,即“团队-产品-功能”EMDM,本文构建了由部件设计结构矩阵（DSM）、功能DSM和EDMM推导组织DSM的模型.然后,为优化组织架构以降低管理的复杂性,构建了改进的两阶段组织DSM聚类准则,提出了最大化“增加的类内外依赖强度比”AIDER和最小化项目的总协调成本的聚类准则,以平衡类内和类外元素对聚类的影响.最后,通过案例,将本文提出的AIDER聚类准则与传统的聚类准则进行了比较,聚类结果表明本方法可明显降低总协调成本.

The research and development （R＆=D） project is a complex network composed by interdependent elements in different domains such as the product, function, organization and process domain. In order to describe the relationship among elements in cross domains simultaneously, this paper introduces the extended domain mapping matrix （EDMM） to analyze the dependency relationships among ＂team-product- function＂. Furthermore, this paper introduces the extended multi-domain matrix （EMDM） and builds a quantitative model for deriving dependency strengths in the organization design structure matrix （DSM） through function DSM, product DSM and EDMM. In order to optimize the organization architecture for reducing the complexity of management, an improved two-stage clustering criterion model is proposed for clustering organization DSM, of which the first-stage clustering criterion is the maximization of ＂added internal dependency and external dependency ration＂ （ALDER） and the second-stage clustering criterion is the minimization of the total coordination cost. An industrial example is provided to illustrate the proposed model. Results indicate that the clustered organization DSM can reduce coordination cost significantly compared to previous clustering methods.